SRY-box transcription factor 21 antisense divergent transcript 1: Regulatory roles and clinical significance in neoplastic conditions and Alzheimer's Disease

Abstract

SRY-box transcription factor 21 antisense divergent transcript 1 (SOX21-AS1) is a multifaceted long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that plays diverse roles in both neoplastic conditions and Alzheimer's disease. Its aberrant expression intricately regulates a wide spectrum of cellular processes, spanning from epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis, migration, metastasis, and stemness to drug resistance. SOX21-AS1 achieves these effects through its involvement in the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, modulation of downstream genes, and regulation of critical pathways, including PI3K/AKT, Hippo, Wnt/β-catenin, and ERK signaling. Of significant clinical relevance, SOX21-AS1 expression has shown robust correlations with various clinical-pathological features. Moreover, it has demonstrated promising prognostic and diagnostic potential across a spectrum of tumors, as evidenced by existing literature and TCGA pan-cancer analyses. In Alzheimer's disease, SOX21-AS1 assumes a distinctive role. It influences neuronal viability, apoptosis, and oxidative stress by interacting with miR-107 and miR-132, and affecting the PI3K/AKT and Wnt signaling pathways. This comprehensive review sheds light on the functions of SOX21-AS1 and the regulated mechanisms underpinning its impact on neoplastic conditions and Alzheimer's disease. It underscores the clinical significance of SOX21-AS1 and positions it as a promising therapeutic target in both the oncological and neurodegenerative domains.

LINC00839 in Human Disorders: Insights into its Regulatory Roles and Clinical Impact, with a Special Focus on Cancer

“…The identification of novel forms of lncRNAs has piqued the interest of researchers, driving them to elucidate their biological roles. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the connection between the dysregulation of lncRNAs and the initiation and progression of diverse disorders, such as cardiovascular disease 7 - 9 , cholestatic liver disease 10 - 12 , and particularly malignancy 13 - 16 . Furthermore, in-depth investigations have illuminated the pivotal role that lncRNAs play in the development of various diseases, exerting influence over processes such as lipid metabolism 17 , 18 , cellular aging 19 - 22 , and an array of biological behaviors associated with tumors 23 - 28 , including cell migration, invasion, and metastasis.…”

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“…They can be broadly categorized as sense, antisense, intronic, bidirectional, or intergenic, depending on their relationship with neighboring protein-coding genes [12,13]. In recent years, lncRNAs have gained increasing importance in cancer research, as considerable evidence [14][15][16][17][18] suggests their involvement in tumor initiation and progression by influencing various cellular processes, including cell cycle, survival, tumor invasion, and metastasis through multiple mechanisms at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, or epigenetic levels. Importantly, lncRNAs have demonstrated promise as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as…”