Ssams2, a Gene Encoding GATA Transcription Factor, Is Required for Appressoria Formation and Chromosome Segregation in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Liu, Ling; Wang, Qiaochu; Zhang, Xianghui; Liu, Jinliang; Zhang, Yanhua; Pan, Hongyu

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.03031

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…So far, eight characterized GATA-TFs have been identified in fungi, including the nitrogen regulators AreA/NIT2 and AreB (or the sexual development regulator ASD4), the central components of the blue light-sensing system WC-1 and WC-2, the sexual and asexual development regulator NsdD/SUB-1 ( Han et al, 2001 ; Colot et al, 2006 ; Lee et al, 2014 ), the iron uptake regulator SreA ( Machida & Gomi, 2010 ), SFH1 (involved in hyphal growth, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and pathogenicity) ( Liu et al, 2018a ), and AMS2 (associated with appressoria formation and chromosome segregation) ( Liu et al, 2018b ). In T. guangdongense , homologs of AreA, AreB/ASD4, WC-1, WC-2, and SreA were found, and the alignments of the homologous GATA-domains were very similar with high degrees of identity ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urbs-1 in the basidiomycete Ustilago maydis and SREA in the Ascomycete A. nidulans , are both ‘vertebrate-like’ GATA-TFs that act as inhibitors, repressing siderophore biosynthesis ( An et al, 1997 ; Lee et al, 2013 ). In addition, a newly found GATA-TF Ssams2 in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , which has a threonine residue in the seventh position of the Zn finger loop, is involved in appressoria formation and chromosome segregation ( Liu et al, 2018a ; Liu et al, 2018b ). However, among the GATA-TFs mentioned above, the light-responsive WC-1 and WC-2, and the nitrogen regulators AreA and AreB, play global roles in fungal growth and development across different species ( Niehaus et al, 2017 ; Pfannmüller et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In lower eukaryotes such as S. cerevisiae , the family of GATA-TFs contains over 10 members, and the functions of some members are well known ( Lowry & Atchley, 2000 ; Ronsmans et al, 2019 ). In some plant pathogenic fungi, such as B. cinerea ( Schumacher et al, 2014 ), F. fujikuroi ( Niehaus et al, 2017 ), S. sclerotiorum ( Liu et al, 2018a ; Liu et al, 2018b ; Li et al, 2018 ), and Magnaporthe oryzae ( Quispe, 2011 ), several GATA-TFs have been successively identified. Several orthologous proteins have also been identified in A. nidulans ( Han et al, 2001 ; Lee et al, 2013 ; Lee et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, evolution and expression ofGATA-TFsprovide new insights into their functions in light response and fruiting body development ofTolypocladium guangdongense

Zhang¹,

Wang²,

Deng³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Fungal GATA-type transcription factors (GATA-TFs) are a class of transcriptional regulators involved in various biological processes. However, their functions are rarely analyzed systematically, especially in edible or medicinal fungi, such as Tolypocladium guangdongense, which has various medicinal and food safety properties with a broad range of potential applications in healthcare products and the pharmaceutical industry. Methods GATA-TFs in T. guangdongense (TgGATAs) were identified using InterProScan. The type, distribution, and gene structure of TgGATAs were analyzed by genome-wide analyses. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to analyze their evolutionary relationships using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method. To explore the functions of GATA-TFs, conserved domains were analyzed using MEME, and cis-elements were predicted using the PlantCARE database. In addition, the expression patterns of TgGATAs under different light conditions and developmental stages were studied using qPCR. Results Seven TgGATAs were identified. They were randomly distributed on four chromosomes and contained one to four exons. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that GATA-TFs in each subgroup are highly conserved, especially for GATA1 to GATA5. Intron distribution analyses suggested that GATA1 and GATA3 possessed the most conserved gene structures. Light treatments induced the expression levels of TgGATA1 and TgGATA5-7, but the expression levels varied depending on the duration of illumination. The predicted protein structures indicate that TgGATA1 and TgGATA2 possess typical light-responsive domains and may function as photoreceptors to regulate downstream biological processes. TgGATA3 and TgGATA5 may be involved in nitrogen metabolism and siderophore biosynthesis, respectively. TgGATA6 and TgGATA7 possess unique Zn finger loop sequences, suggesting that they may have special functions. Furthermore, gene expression analysis indicated that TgGATA1 (WC1) was notably involved in mycelial color transformation, while other genes were involved in fruiting body development to some extent. These results provide valuable information to further explore the mechanisms through which TgGATAs are regulated during fruiting body development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, evolution and expression ofGATA-TFsprovide new insights into their functions in light response and fruiting body development ofTolypocladium guangdongense

Zhang¹,

Wang²,

Deng³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, a gene encoding a B. cinerea homolog of SSAMS2 (BCIN_08g03180) was also among the putative targets, and this gene encodes a GATA transcription factor required for appressoria formation and chromosome segregation in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum [115].…”

Section: Cross-species Gene Target Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of Dicer-dependent RNA interference in regulating cross-species communication during fungus-fungus interactions

Piombo

Broberg

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Dicer-like (DCL) proteins play a vital role in transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing, also known as RNA interference (RNAi), by cleaving double-stranded RNAs or single-stranded RNAs with stem-loop structures into small RNAs . Although DCL-mediated RNAi can regulate interspecific communication between pathogenic/mutualistic organisms and their hosts, its role in parasitic fungus-fungus interactions is yet to be investigated . In this study, we deleted dcl genes in the mycoparasitic fungus Clonostachys rosea and analyzed the transcriptome and secondary metabolome to characterize the regulatory functions of DCL-dependent RNAi in mycoparasitism. Deletion of dcl2 resulted in a mutant with reduced growth rate, pigment production and antagonism towards the plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea . Moreover, the Δ dcl2 mutant displayed a reduced ability to control fusarium foot rot disease on wheat, caused by Fusarium graminearum , and reduced production of 62 secondary metabolites (SM) including yellow‐coloured sorbicillinoids. Transcriptome sequencing of the in vitro interaction between the C. rosea Δ dcl2 strain and B. cinerea or F. graminearum identified downregulation of genes coding for transcription factors, membrane transporters, hydrolytic enzymes and SM biosynthesis enzymes putatively involved in antagonistic interactions, in comparison with the C. rosea wild type interaction. Sixty-one putative novel microRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) were identified in C. rosea , and 11 was upregulated in the Δ dcl2 mutant. In addition to putative endogenous gene targets, these DCL2-dependent milRNAs were predicted to target B . cinerea and F. graminearum virulence factor genes, which showed an increased expression during interaction with the Δ dcl2 mutant incapable of producing the targeting milRNAs. This paper constitutes the first step in elucidating the role of RNAi in mycoparasitism, with important implications for biological control of plant diseases. This study further indicates a possible cross-species regulatory activity of fungal milRNAs, emphasizing a novel role of RNAi in fungal interactions and ecology.

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“…Ams2 is a GATA-box domain transcription factor. Ams2 is required for proper expression of histone and cell cycle related genes, similar as in Schizosaccharomyces pombe [55]. Mads is orthologous to yeast Mcm1 with a MADS-box domain, which is essential for viability, cell cycle, mating, mini-chromosome maintenance, recombination, and stress tolerance [61].…”

Section: Regulation Of Mycelial Growth and Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Notorious Soilborne Pathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: An Update on Genes Studied with Mutant Analysis

Xia

Hoy

et al. 2019

Pathogens

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Ascomycete Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is one of the most damaging soilborne fungal pathogens affecting hundreds of plant hosts, including many economically important crops. Its genomic sequence has been available for less than a decade, and it was recently updated with higher completion and better gene annotation. Here, we review key molecular findings on the unique biology and pathogenesis process of S. sclerotiorum, focusing on genes that have been studied in depth using mutant analysis. Analyses of these genes have revealed critical players in the basic biological processes of this unique pathogen, including mycelial growth, appressorium establishment, sclerotial formation, apothecial and ascospore development, and virulence. Additionally, the synthesis has uncovered gaps in the current knowledge regarding this fungus. We hope that this review will serve to build a better current understanding of the biology of this under-studied notorious soilborne pathogenic fungus.

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Ssams2, a Gene Encoding GATA Transcription Factor, Is Required for Appressoria Formation and Chromosome Segregation in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Cited by 20 publications

References 66 publications

Distribution, evolution and expression ofGATA-TFsprovide new insights into their functions in light response and fruiting body development ofTolypocladium guangdongense

Distribution, evolution and expression ofGATA-TFsprovide new insights into their functions in light response and fruiting body development ofTolypocladium guangdongense

The role of Dicer-dependent RNA interference in regulating cross-species communication during fungus-fungus interactions

The Notorious Soilborne Pathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: An Update on Genes Studied with Mutant Analysis

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