Stabilisation of Lutein and Lutein Esters with Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monooleate, Medium-Chain Triglyceride Oil and Lecithin

Gombač, Zala; Črnivec, Ilja Gasan Osojnik; Skrt, Mihaela; Istenič, Katja; Knafelj, Andreja Knez; Pravst, Igor; Ulrih, Nataša Poklar

doi:10.3390/foods10030500

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The addition of glutaric acid to Lut does not affect the length of the conjugating system, suggesting that the increase in ROS-protective action of Lut-DG does not result from an increase of the conjugating system. Ester prodrugs of Lut with various pro-moieties such as palmitate, myristate, linoleate or laureate were more stable than Lut under storage at 25 °C in the dark [ 56 ]. In addition, lutein dimyristate was more stable than Lut against heat and UV light conditions than Lut [ 57 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of a Lutein Ester Prodrug, Lutein Diglutaric Acid, against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Muangnoi

Phumsuay

Jongjitphisut

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Oxidative stress-induced cell damage and death of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), a polarized monolayer that maintains retinal health and homeostasis, lead to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Several studies show that the naturally occurring antioxidant Lutein (Lut) can protect RPE cells from oxidative stress. However, the poor solubility and low oral bioavailability limit the potential of Lut as a therapeutic agent. In this study, lutein diglutaric acid (Lut-DG), a prodrug of Lut, was synthesized and its ability to protect human ARPE-19 cells from oxidative stress was tested compared to Lut. Both Lut and Lut-DG significantly decreased H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and protected RPE cells from oxidative stress-induced death. Moreover, the immunoblotting analysis indicated that both drugs exerted their protective effects by modulating phosphorylated MAPKs (p38, ERK1/2 and SAPK/JNK) and downstream molecules Bax, Bcl-2 and Cytochrome c. In addition, the enzymatic antioxidants glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH) were enhanced in cells treated with Lut and Lut-DG. In all cases, Lut-DG was more effective than its parent drug against oxidative stress-induced damage to RPE cells. These findings highlight Lut-DG as a more potent compound than Lut with the protective effects against oxidative stress in RPE cells through the modulation of key MAPKs, apoptotic and antioxidant molecular pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of a Lutein Ester Prodrug, Lutein Diglutaric Acid, against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Muangnoi

Phumsuay

Jongjitphisut

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…The differences in hue (ΔE) and color intensities (ΔC) were calculated as cumulative values. For further description of the parameters and calculations, see our previous publication [ 32 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Polyphenols and Valorization of Fibers from Istrian-Grown Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)

Skrt

Albreht

Vovk

et al. 2022

Foods

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Pomegranate fruit is an ancient fruit that is used not only because of its deep-red color and tasty arils but also due to the health benefits of its extracts. Pomegranate is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, including colorful anthocyanins and other polyphenols. The main objective of the present study was to gain comprehensive knowledge of the phenolic composition and antioxidative activity of a new pomegranate cultivar, grown in Northwest Istria, a part of the North Adriatic coastal area. Various parts of the pomegranate fruit parts were extracted in 70% ethanol or water. Total phenolic content and antioxidative capacity were respectively determined with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and ABTS radical. Phenolics were examined and analyzed with TLC, LC-MS, and HPLC. Pomegranate juice was prepared from red arils and after thermal treatment, the stability of anthocyanins was monitored for several months to understand the effect of storage. The highest total phenolics were determined in ethanol pomegranate peel extracts (30.5 ± 0.6 mg GAE/g DM), and water peel extracts exhibited the highest antioxidative activity (128 ± 2 µg TE/g DM). After five months of storage of thermally treated pomegranate juice, 50–60 percentage points increase in anthocyanin degradation was observed. Pomegranate peel was further tested as a sustainable inedible food source for papermaking. Due to the low content of cellulose and the high percentage of extractives, as well as a distinguished texture and appearance, the paper made from pomegranate peel is best suited for the production of specialty papers, making it particularly interesting for bioactives recovery, followed by material restructuring.

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“…In this respect, Shangguan et al [134] described the synthesis of lutein esters utilizing a new covalently immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica onto functionalized graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets. Gombač et al [135] used viable and accessible procedures to create stable firm encapsulates of lutein and its esters. Lecithin emulsions exhibited higher encapsulation efficiencies, up to 99.3% for formulations having free lutein and up to 91.4% for formulations containing lutein esters.…”

Section: Esterification Of Lutein and Zeaxanthin To Enhance The Stability And Bioavailability In Harsh Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Immunological implications of Lutein and Zeaxanthin

Zafar

Aqeel

Shah

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Throughout history, nature has been acknowledged for being a primordial source of various bioactive molecules in which human macular carotenoids are gaining significant attention. Among 750 natural carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin and their oxidative metabolites are selectively accumulated in the macular region of living beings. Due to their vast applications in food, feed, pharmaceutical and nutraceuticals industries, the global market of lutein and zeaxanthin is continuously expanding but chemical synthesis, extraction and purification of these compounds from their natural repertoire e.g., plants, is somewhat costly and technically challenging. In this regard microbial as well as microalgal carotenoids are considered as an attractive alternative to aforementioned challenges. Through the techniques of genetic engineering and gene-editing tools like CRISPR/Cas9, the overproduction of lutein and zeaxanthin in microorganisms can be achieved but the commercial scale applications of such procedures needs to be done. Moreover, these carotenoids are highly unstable and susceptible to thermal and oxidative degradation. Therefore, esterification of these xanthophylls and microencapsulation with appropriate wall materials can increase their shelf-life and enhance their application in food industry. With their potent antioxidant activities, these carotenoids are emerging as molecules of vital importance in chronic degenerative, malignancies and antiviral diseases. Therefore, more research needs to be done to further expand the applications of lutein and zeaxanthin.

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Stabilisation of Lutein and Lutein Esters with Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monooleate, Medium-Chain Triglyceride Oil and Lecithin

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Protective Effects of a Lutein Ester Prodrug, Lutein Diglutaric Acid, against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Protective Effects of a Lutein Ester Prodrug, Lutein Diglutaric Acid, against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Extraction of Polyphenols and Valorization of Fibers from Istrian-Grown Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)

Biochemical and Immunological implications of Lutein and Zeaxanthin

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