Stability analysis for grain yield and thousand kernel weight of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes growing under semi-arid conditions

Benkadja, S.; Maamri, K.; Guendouz, A.; Oulmi, Abdelmalek; Frih, Benalia

doi:10.15547/ast.2022.02.017

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Similar to Um Qais, Bolenga exhibited low TKW values, and similar to Norsi, was considered one of the least stable genotypes for TKW. In a study by [ 45 ], different stability parameters failed to identify the most stable cultivar for TKW among local adapted varieties under semi-arid conditions. Modern durum wheat cultivars have been bred primarily for high GY potential without considering the stability of TKW in dry and hot environments [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Stability Analysis of Selected Durum Wheat Genotypes Differing in Their Kernel Characteristics

Al-Sayaydeh

Shtaya

Qubbaj

et al. 2023

Plants

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Breeding of high-yielding and stable durum wheat varieties with improved kernel characteristics is needed for dry regions around the globe. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance and stability of eight durum wheat genotypes varying in their kernel characteristics across 15 contrasting environments. The tested material included three recombinant inbred lines (NUR-072, NUR-106 and NUR-238) derived from a cross between Norsi, a Jordanian landrace with special kernel characteristics and UC1113 Yr36+Gpc-B1, an elite line from USA. Field trials were carried out for three constitutive growing seasons under rainfed conditions, except for three environments where supplementary irrigation was provided. After the harvest, grain yield (GY), total yield (TW), and harvest index (HI) were recorded. Additionally, several kernel-related traits, including thousand kernel weight (TKW), kernel area (KA), kernel width (KW), kernel length (KL), kernel circularity (KC), and kernel length–width ratio (KL:KW) were evaluated. Analysis of variance for all tested traits revealed high significant variations (p ≤ 0.01) between the genotype (except for TW) and the genotype × environment (G × E) interaction. Genotype effect contributed to substantial percentage of variation (>75%) for KA, KL, KC and KL:KW, whereas KW showed a lower percentage similar to GY. Regarding the G × E effect, explained variation was highest for the TW (67.79%), and lowest for KL (6.47%). For GY, Norsi produced significantly the lowest mean value (249.99 g.m−2) while, Bolenga produced the highest mean value (377.85 g.m−2) although no significant differences were observed with the remaining genotypes. On the other hand, Norsi, NUR-072 and NUR-106 showed best performance for TKW and kernel-related traits with NUR-106 producing the highest mean value for KL (9.07 mm). The GGE biplot and AMMI analysis of GY identified Bolenga, Um Qais and NUR-106 as good performers across several environments, while Norsi exhibited the poorest performance. For TKW, Norsi was the best performer across different environments followed by NUR-106, which showed excellent performance under irrigated and saline conditions. For stability analysis, NUR-106 emerged as the most stable genotype in this study for GY and several kernel-related traits, particularly for KL and KC. In conclusion, the results of this study offer valuable insights for durum wheat breeders seeking to develop high-yielding and stable varieties with special kernel characteristics suitable for cultivation in dry areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Stability Analysis of Selected Durum Wheat Genotypes Differing in Their Kernel Characteristics

Al-Sayaydeh

Shtaya

Qubbaj

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…through the identification of morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters ( Ghanem 2017 ). Several physiological, morphological, and biochemical criteria have thus been identified ( Benkadja et al 2022 ). Proline and soluble sugar accumulation, vegetative growth, and photosynthetic efficiency have been considered as tolerance criteria ( Boussakouran et al 2019 ; Jallouli et al 2019 ; Othmani et al 2019 ; Gholamin and Khayatnezhad 2020 ; Pour-Aboughadareh et al 2020 ; Ayed et al 2021 ; Tefera et al 2021 ; Chaouachi et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2023 ; Quagliata et al 2023 ). This research has generated results on the physiological processes related to the tolerance to combined stresses in durum wheat ( Benkadja et al 2022 ). Most studies over the past decade have focused on crop responses to single stress ( Chew and Halliday 2011 ; Siddiqui et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the genetic variability of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in the face of combined stress: water and heat

Chaouachi,

Marín-Sanz,

Barro

et al. 2023

AoB PLANTS

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The devastating effects and extent of abiotic stress on cereal production continue to increase globally, affecting food security in several countries including Tunisia. Heat waves and the scarcity of rainfall strongly affect durum wheat yields. The present study aims to screen for tolerance to combined water and heat stresses in durum wheat at the juvenile stage. Three combined treatments were tested, namely: T0 (100% field capacity (FC) at 24°C), T1 (50% FC at 30°C), and T2 (25% FC at 35°C). The screening was carried out based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical criteria. The results showed that the combined stress significantly affects all the measured parameters. The relative water content (RWC) decreased by 37.6% under T1 compared to T0. Quantum yield (Fv/m) and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/0) decreased under severe combined stress (T2) by 37.15% and 37.22%, respectively. Under T2 stress, leaf temperature increased by 63.7%. A significant increase in osmo-protective solutes was also observed, including proline, which increased by 154.6% under T2. Correlation analyses of the combination of water and heat stress confirm that the traits RWC, chlorophyll b content (Chlb), Fv/m, proline content (PC), Fv/0, and leaf temperature (LT), can be used as reliable screening criteria for the two stresses combined. The principal component analysis highlighted that Aouija tolerates the two levels of stresses studied, while the genotypes Karim and Hmira are the most sensitive. The results show that the tolerance of durum wheat to combined water and heat stress involves several adaptation mechanisms proportional to the stress intensity.

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“…This research is a primordial step in a genetic improvement and selection program to determine the physiological processes related to the plant’s response to abiotic stress. The study of these mechanisms is a determinant of genotypic tolerance to stress in durum wheat [ 54 ]. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the combined effects of abiotic stresses and the majority have focused on the single effects of stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) to mitigate abiotic stress: Drought, heat, and their combination

Chaouachi,

Marín-Sanz,

Barro

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Drought and heat are the main abiotic constraints affecting durum wheat production. This study aimed to screen for tolerance to drought, heat, and combined stresses in durum wheat, at the juvenile stage under controlled conditions. Five durum wheat genotypes, including four landraces and one improved genotype, were used to test their tolerance to abiotic stress. After 15 days of growing, treatments were applied as three drought levels (100, 50, and 25% field capacity (FC)), three heat stress levels (24, 30, and 35°C), and three combined treatments (100% FC at 24°C, 50% FC at 30°C and 25% FC at 35°C). The screening was performed using a set of morpho-physiological, and biochemical traits. The results showed that the tested stresses significantly affect all measured parameters. The dry matter content (DM) decreased by 37.1% under heat stress (35°C), by 37.3% under severe drought stress (25% FC), and by 53.2% under severe combined stress (25% FC at 35°C). Correlation analyses of drought and heat stress confirmed that aerial part length, dry matter content, hydrogen peroxide content, catalase, and Glutathione peroxidase activities could be efficient screening criteria for both stresses. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that only the landrace Aouija tolerated the three studied stresses, while Biskri and Hedhba genotypes were tolerant to drought and heat stresses and showed the same sensitivity under combined stress. Nevertheless, improved genotype Karim and the landrace Hmira were the most affected genotypes by drought, against a minimum growth for the Hmira genotype under heat stress. The results showed that combined drought and heat stresses had a more pronounced impact than simple effects. In addition, the tolerance of durum wheat to drought and heat stresses involves several adjustments of morpho-physiological and biochemical responses, which are proportional to the stress intensity.

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Stability analysis for grain yield and thousand kernel weight of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes growing under semi-arid conditions

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Performance and Stability Analysis of Selected Durum Wheat Genotypes Differing in Their Kernel Characteristics

Performance and Stability Analysis of Selected Durum Wheat Genotypes Differing in Their Kernel Characteristics

Study of the genetic variability of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) in the face of combined stress: water and heat

Genetic diversity of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) to mitigate abiotic stress: Drought, heat, and their combination

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