Stability and characterization studies of Span 80 niosomes modified with CTAB in the presence of NaCl

Vitamin D3 Loaded Niosomes and Transfersomes Produced by Ethanol Injection Method: Identification of the Critical Preparation Step for Size Control

“…It is also important to point out that all formulations are expected to produce unilamellar vesicles since EI method tends to produce this type of nanovesciles with relatively small final size compared to other types of methods such as the thin film hydration method, which has been reported to produce large multilamellar vesicles [ 40 ].…”

“…When usual amphiphilic molecules used for membrane vesicles formation are dissolved in a solution, they tend to be located at the air–liquid interface in order to satisfy their amphiphilic character. Depending on the type of membrane compounds used and the concentration and the combination of the membrane compounds selected, several types of colloidal systems can be found in the bulk solution, withvesicles and micelles being the more common ones [ 40 , 41 ]. Referring to an aqueous solution in which membrane compounds are added, this can be summarizedas: high lipophilic character molecules will produce vesicles (or nanovesicles), while high hydrophilic molecules will produce micelles.…”

“…When a small portion of the hydrophilic molecule is added to a solution that contains hydrophilic molecules, vesicles can be formed using the combination of all added membrane compounds. However, depending on the concentration and ratio between used compounds, micelles and vesicles can be found simultaneously [ 40 ].…”

“…It was found that the surface tension of a sample was reduced due to the presence of the amphiphilic molecules at the interface (liquid–air). The lower the surface tension, the higher the packing of the molecules at the liquid–air interface [ 40 , 42 , 43 ]. The more compact the molecules were, the smaller the curvature radius they adopt when theyare forming the nanovesicles membrane.…”

Self-Assembling Drug Formulations with Tunable Permeability and Biodegradability

“…Another way of improving the stability and storage time of niosomes is introducing a certain amount of cationic additives into their structure to obtain a positively charged system [158,159]. Among the methods for imparting a positive charge, the incorporation of cationic surfactants into niosomes is the most often used pathway [160][161][162]. This may increase the stability of composition and may affect the loading efficiency and the release rate of bioactive compounds [163].…”