Stability and instability of the glenohumeral joint: The role of shoulder muscles

Labriola, Joanne E.; Lee, Thay Q.; Debski, Richard E.; McMahon, Patrick J.

doi:10.1016/j.jse.2004.09.014

Cited by 257 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Studies have shown that shoulder muscle imbalances may lead to the impingement syndrome and RC pathologies. [10][11][12] This fact is corroborated by our findings that infraspinatus and subscapularis tendinopathy showed some statistical significance (P = 0.09 and P = 0.08, respectively), as well as muscle atrophy (P = 0.08). However, maybe because of the small sample size, in our study only ACJ and labrum injuries were significantly greater in sedentary SCI individuals (P = 0.04).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Is sport practice a risk factor for shoulder injuries in tetraplegic individuals?

et al. 2015

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Study design: A retrospective cohort. Objectives: To report the incidence rates of shoulder injuries diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in tetraplegic athletes and sedentary tetraplegic individuals. To evaluate whether sport practice increases the risk of shoulder injuries in tetraplegic individuals. Setting: Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Ten tetraplegic athletes with traumatic spinal cord injury were selected among quad rugby athletes and had both the shoulders evaluated by MRI. They were compared with 10 sedentary tetraplegic individuals who were submitted to the same radiological protocol. Results: All athletes were male with a mean age of 32.1 years (range 25-44 years, s.d. = 6.44). Time since injury ranged from 6 to 17 years, with a mean value of 9.7 years and s.d. of 3.1 years. All sedentary individuals were male with a mean age of 35.9 years (range 22-47 years, s.d. = 8.36). Statistical analysis showed a protective effect of sport in the development of shoulder injuries, with a weak correlation for infraspinatus and subscapularis tendinopathy (P = 0.09 and P = 0.08, respectively) and muscle atrophy (P = 0.08). There was a strong correlation for acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) and labrum injuries (P = 0.04), with sedentary individuals at a higher risk for these injuries. Conclusion: Tetraplegic athletes and sedentary individuals have a high incidence of supraspinatus tendinosis, bursitis and ACJ degeneration. Statistical analysis showed that there is a possible protective effect of sport in the development of shoulder injuries. Weak evidence was encountered for infraspinatus and subscapularis tendinopathy and muscle atrophy (P = 0.09, P = 0.08 and P = 0.08, respectively). Strong evidence with P = 0.04 suggests that sedentary tetraplegic individuals are at a greater risk for ACJ and labrum injuries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Is sport practice a risk factor for shoulder injuries in tetraplegic individuals?

et al. 2015

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“…Several previous studies conducted single exercise programs and they reported that pain and function were improved in both the exercise and the control groups, with no significant differences between the groups 28,29) . However, Senbursa et al (2007) reported that a group following a manual therapy with exercise program and an exercise only program resulted in decreases in pain and improvement of function 1) , but as statistically significant improvements were found only in the manual therapy with exercise program group, as was noted in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The cocontraction of muscles and the degree of activation of each muscle with appropriate movement are important factors for the coordination of muscles. Very tiny changes of shoulder muscle movement can have a effect on the direction of movement and the power of the scapluohumeral joint 25,28) , and the vector of power in other shoulder muscles can show the presence of instability of the scapluohumeral joint 26,29) . Torque is also influenced by the coordination of muscles, and coordination depends on the muscle capacity, which causes torque 30) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Motor Control and Strengthening Exercises on Pain, Function, Strength and the Range of Motion of Patients with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

Bae

Lee

et al. 2011

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of an intervention, including shoulder control and strengthening exercises, on the shoulder function of persons with shoulder impingement.[Subjects] The subjects were patients who visited our hospital due to shoulder impingement syndrome and they were randomly allocated to two groups: a shoulder control and strengthening exercises group (n=17) and a conservative therapy group (n=18).[Methods] Both groups received conservative therapy for 3 sessions (45 minutes per week) for 4 weeks. The shoulder control and strengthening exercises group practiced additional motor control and strengthening exercises for 30 minutes. Values of the pain, function, isokinetic strength and the range of motion were compared with those of the conservative therapy group.[Results] There were significant differences in the amount of change of the pain, function, isokinetic strength and range of motion between the two groups (p<0.05); however as a measure of isokinetic strength, the peak torque of the internal rotators at 60°/sec did not show a significant difference.[Conclusion] The motor control and strengthening exercise program training improved pain, function, strength and the range of motion. These results suggest that a motor control and strengthening exercise program is feasible and suitable for individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome.

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“…Other authors have shown that the distribution of forces at the shoulder form part of a complex functional system with different findings in different clinical settings and in all three planes with regard to forces and stability, and it is difficult to predict certain values [5,7,9,10,14,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there an association between a low acromion index and osteoarthritis of the shoulder?

Kircher

Morhard

Gavriilidis

et al. 2009

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between a low acromion index and osteoarthritis of the shoulder. Three patient groups were used: (I) instability, n=53; (II) calcifying tendonitis, n=109; and (III) osteoarthritis, n=120. Standardised digital X-rays were evaluated from the true anteroposterior and axillary views. Joint space width at three levels in each plane and the size of humeral osteophytes were measured and osteoarthritis was graded according to Samilson. The acromion index was calculated according to Nyffeler et al. (J Bone Joint Surg Am 88:800-805, 2006) in the true anteroposterior view. There were two independent investigators. Interobserver reliability was excellent for all measurements in the anteroposterior (AP) projection but inferior in the axillary projections, especially in group III. The mean acromion index was 0.64±0.07 in group I, 0.64±0.08 in group II and 0.73±0.12 in group III. The acromion index was not correlated with the joint space width nor with the size of the osteophytes or the Samilson grading in group III. The data of the study did not show a significant association between a low acromion index and typical signs of osteoarthritis at the shoulder. The theoretical concept of a small acromion index associated with the development of osteoarthritis of the shoulder is not supported.

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Stability and instability of the glenohumeral joint: The role of shoulder muscles

Cited by 257 publications

References 40 publications

Is sport practice a risk factor for shoulder injuries in tetraplegic individuals?

Is sport practice a risk factor for shoulder injuries in tetraplegic individuals?

Effect of Motor Control and Strengthening Exercises on Pain, Function, Strength and the Range of Motion of Patients with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

Is there an association between a low acromion index and osteoarthritis of the shoulder?

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