Stability in chromosome number and DNA content in synthetic tetraploids of  Lolium multiflorum after two generations of selection

Pereira, Rafaela Corrêa; Santos, Natália de Souza; Bustamante, Fernanda de Oliveira; Mittelmann, Andréa; Techio, Vânia Helena

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20150767

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Previous studies with tetraploid cultivars of Italian ryegrass showed mixoploids plants can be found by the nonhomogeneous induction of polyploidy with colchicine in diploids plants. In some tissues, chromosomes cannot be duplicated and regenerated, in which the next generations could present a variable chromosomes number range from 14 to 28 (Pereira et al 2017). However, the results of this research did not demonstrate any mixoploid individual from TSC♂ × TSC♀ progenies, suggesting a good selection process during the cultivar development.…”

Section: Chromosome Countingmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The regeneration using cell culture in treatments to diploid genotypes of perennial ryegrass and cold storage produced 18 plants with albinism (problems with pigment biosynthesis) and four chimera plants, in which the nuclear DNA content ranged from triploid to pentaploid (Creemers-Molenaar et al 1992). Thus, low temperatures can act as cell division inhibitors and exhibit similar effects of antimitotics compounds (Pereira et al 2017).…”

Section: Chromosome Countingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technique allows increasing the expression of interest agronomic characteristics, restoring the fertility of intra-and interspecific hybrids and, in some cases, used to the exploration of genetic variability in apomictic species. Besides, the technique can be used to induce the genome duplication in plants, allowing combinates ploidy between crosses and obtain fertile progeny (Timbó et al 2014;Pereira et al 2017). For the tetraploid Italian ryegrass, polyploidy induction increased the palatability and forage digestibility as result of the greater amount of soluble sugars and lower stem/leaf ratio (Nair 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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May the crossing between diploid and tetraploid Italian ryegrass transfer glyphosate resistance to the next generation?

et al. 2020

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Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is a grass weed found in winter cereals, with several glyphosate-resistant diploid populations. Furthermore, the use of Italian ryegrass tetraploid genotypes creates an opportunity to increase the forage demand in replacement of diploid populations. The aim of this research was to evaluate the crossing capacity between glyphosate-resistant diploid and tetraploid Italian ryegrass to transfer glyphosate resistance to the next generation. Reciprocal crosses were performed using the susceptible tetraploid cultivar INIA Titan and resistant diploid (SVA04 biotype) plants to obtain the F1 progeny. Germination testing, survival percentage, inheritance of glyphosate-resistance, and ploidy level were evaluated in F1 progeny. Crossing of susceptible tetraploid plants ♂ and glyphosateresistant diploid ♀ affected the germination and exhibited 4.5% of triploid plants. F1 progeny from the glyphosate-resistant diploid ♂ and susceptible tetraploid ♀ did not show germination problems, but 46% of the plants died during the initial seedling stage. For this progeny, 10 and 25% of the seedlings were composed of triploid and pentaploid individuals, respectively. Crosses between susceptible tetraploid ♀ and resistant diploid ♂ did not transfer the glyphosateresistant for the plants. Susceptible tetraploid ♂ crossing with diploid resistant ♀ had a reduction of 47% the glyphosate-resistant plants compared to the homozygous glyphosateresistant progeny. Overall, tetraploid Italian ryegrass can be a safe tool to reduce and manage the increase of glyphosate-resistant diploid ryegrass in field conditions.

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Section: Chromosome Countingmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Chromosome Countingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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May the crossing between diploid and tetraploid Italian ryegrass transfer glyphosate resistance to the next generation?

et al. 2020

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“…Slow progress of induced polyploidy after early induction of the chromosome set doubling event of chromosome is the major hindrance of low success rate of polyploidy breeding. The mixoploid condition (2×, 3× and 4×) in freshly developed material and subsequent generation reduced the performance, stability and fertility of induced polyploids [90], which was regarded as a major hindrance for the commercialization of polyploidy species. However, selection of pure and stable polyploidy genotypes in advanced generation can improve the performance of the induced polyploid species.…”

Section: Factor Affecting the Success Of Induced Polyploidymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, selection of pure and stable polyploidy genotypes in advanced generation can improve the performance of the induced polyploid species. It was observed that selection for several generations could lead to the increased frequency of polysomic tetraploid plants in Lolium multiflorum [90]. Lolium species probably showed better results of the selection and thus was finally commercialized as polysomic tetraploid species [61].…”

Section: Factor Affecting the Success Of Induced Polyploidymentioning

confidence: 99%

Scope of Whole Genome Duplication in Forages: A Plant Breeder Perspective

Rauf¹,

Ortíz²,

Malinowski³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Polyploidy is a condition of having more than two sets of chromosomes. Polyploid plants may be artificially obtained through chemical, physical and biological methods (2n gametes). It is considered an interesting approach due to increased genescope and expression, thus resulting in phenotypic changes, such as yield and product quality. Nonetheless, breeding new cultivars through induced polyploidy should overcome deleterious effects partly contributed by genome and epigenome instability after polyploidization. Furthermore, shortening the time required from early chromosome set doubling to the final selection of high yielding superior polyploids is a must. Despite these hurdles, plant breeders have successfully obtained polyploid bred-germplasm in broad range of forages from optimized application methods, concentration and time mainly using colchicine. These experimental polyploids proved to be a valuable tool for understanding gene expression that is driven by dosage dependent gene expression, altered gene regulation and epigenetic changes. Isozymes and DNA-based markers aided on the identification of rare alleles for particular loci when compared with diploids, which may explain their heterozygosity, phenotypic plasticity and adaptability to diverse environments. It has also been observed that experimentally induced polyploid germplasm could enhance fresh herbage yield and quality, e.g. leaf protein content, leaf total soluble solids, water soluble carbohydrates and sucrose content. Offspring of experimentally obtained hybrids underwent selection for several generations to improve their performance and stability.

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The effect of ploidy number on vigor, productivity, and potential adaptation to climate change in annual Medicago species

et al. 2020

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Tetraploid plants, including those induced from diploid barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.) and the snail medic [Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill.], have the potential to increase vigor and leaf size to improve adaptation to environments with low and variable rainfall in Mediterranean climates. The growth of tetraploid lines induced from barrel medic cultivar Sultan‐SU was evaluated against the diploid parent line and a natural tetraploid snail medic cultivar Sava in field conditions in Adelaide, South Australia. In field conditions, tetraploid lines had up to 106% greater autumn biomass than Sultan‐SU, 58% larger seed weight, and a 127% increase in leaf area. In a controlled environment experiment, snail medic Sava was the only entry to show improved early season (assessed at 6 wk) shoot biomass and canopy cover under short days and low temperatures that were designed to simulate a late start to the growing season. An examination of fresh flower buds showed that the fertility and stability of induced tetraploid lines varied between lines and generations. Hardseed breakdown patterns differed among tetraploid mutant lines, with two lines having much harder seed than Sultan‐SU. Some tetraploid Medicago spp. produced greater early biomass and larger leaves than diploids. Increasing ploidy level provides plant breeders with a promising tool in the development of new cultivars better suited to future climate scenarios.

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Stability in chromosome number and DNA content in synthetic tetraploids of Lolium multiflorum after two generations of selection

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

May the crossing between diploid and tetraploid Italian ryegrass transfer glyphosate resistance to the next generation?

May the crossing between diploid and tetraploid Italian ryegrass transfer glyphosate resistance to the next generation?

Scope of Whole Genome Duplication in Forages: A Plant Breeder Perspective

The effect of ploidy number on vigor, productivity, and potential adaptation to climate change in annual Medicago species

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