Stability of a Vesicular Stomatitis Virus–Vectored Ebola Vaccine

Arnemo, Marianne; Watle, Sara Sofie Viksmoen; Schoultz, Kristin Merete; Vainio, Kirsti; Norheim, Gunnstein; Moorthy, Vasee; Fast, Patricia E.; Røttingen, John-Arne; Gjøen, Tor

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv532

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…61 To date, stability data remain scarce, yet one study found that the vaccine stayed stable with comparable viral titers for 7 days when stored at +4°C. 62 In a guinea-pig challenge model, vaccination with VSV-EBOV conferred protection from disease even when stored in various suboptimal conditions over 7 days (4°C, room temperature, 32°C, or three cycles of freeze-thawing from −80°C to room temperature), and only the vaccine kept at 32°C showed a significant reduction in virus titer. 63 The data indicate that short-term interruptions of the cold chain may be tolerated without affecting vaccine efficacy.…”

Section: Stability Of the Vaccinementioning

confidence: 96%

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccines for WHO blueprint priority pathogens

Fathi

Dahlke

Addo

2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The devastating Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreak in West Africa in 2013-2016 has flagged the need for the timely development of vaccines for high-threat pathogens. To be better prepared for new epidemics, the WHO has compiled a list of priority pathogens that are likely to cause future outbreaks and for which R&D efforts are, therefore, paramount (R&D Blueprint: https://www.who.int/blueprint/priority-diseases/en/). To this end, the detailed characterization of vaccine platforms is needed. The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been established as a robust vaccine vector backbone for infectious diseases for well over a decade. The recent clinical trials testing the vaccine candidate VSV-EBOV against EBOV disease now have added a substantial amount of clinical data and suggest VSV to be an ideal vaccine vector candidate for outbreak pathogens. In this review, we discuss insights gained from the clinical VSV-EBOV vaccine trials as well as from animal studies investigating vaccine candidates for Blueprint pathogens. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Stability Of the Vaccinementioning

confidence: 96%

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccines for WHO blueprint priority pathogens

Fathi

Dahlke

Addo

2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…Most viral vectored vaccines are stable for >5 years at −70°C, and a 2–8°C cold chain is required for distribution and storage of adenoviral vectors. One study assessing the recently deployed rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine observed a significant loss of viral titres at a temperature of 4°C after 2 weeks, 39 whereas adenoviral vectors were shown to be stable for 20 days at room temperature in a sucrose buffer. 40 In addition, sensitivity of any VSV-based vaccine to pH changes is presumably dependent on the specific envelope glycoprotein (i.e.…”

Section: Progression Of the Vectored Vaccine Approach: Success Of Rapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimpanzee adenoviral vectors as vaccines for outbreak pathogens

Ewer

Sebastian

Spencer

et al. 2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The 2014–15 Ebola outbreak in West Africa highlighted the potential for large disease outbreaks caused by emerging pathogens and has generated considerable focus on preparedness for future epidemics. Here we discuss drivers, strategies and practical considerations for developing vaccines against outbreak pathogens. Chimpanzee adenoviral (ChAd) vectors have been developed as vaccine candidates for multiple infectious diseases and prostate cancer. ChAd vectors are safe and induce antigen-specific cellular and humoral immunity in all age groups, as well as circumventing the problem of pre-existing immunity encountered with human Ad vectors. For these reasons, such viral vectors provide an attractive platform for stockpiling vaccines for emergency deployment in response to a threatened outbreak of an emerging pathogen. Work is already underway to develop vaccines against a number of other outbreak pathogens and we will also review progress on these approaches here, particularly for Lassa fever, Nipah and MERS.

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“…However, recent in vitro studies demonstrated that a recombinant VSV‐vectored EBOV vaccine was stable for 1 week at 4°C and 24 hr at 25°C. Vaccine titres significantly decreased by 1–2 logs within 12 hr at 40°C, which may pose a limitation in areas with warmer climates, such as Africa (Arnemo et al, ). However, the longevity of VSV‐vectored vaccines baited in blister packs at increasing temperatures has yet to be determined.…”

Section: Other Vaccine Platforms To Consider For Bait‐style Vaccinatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Baited vaccines: A strategy to mitigate rodent‐borne viral zoonoses in humans

Mendoza

Warner

Kobinger

et al. 2018

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Rodents serve as the natural reservoir and vector for a variety of pathogens, some of which are responsible for severe and life-threatening disease in humans. Despite the significant impact in humans many of these viruses, including Old and New World hantaviruses as well as Arenaviruses, most have no specific vaccine or therapeutic to treat or prevent human infection. The recent success of wildlife vaccines to mitigate rabies in animal populations offers interesting insight into the use of similar strategies for other zoonotic agents of human disease. In this review, we discuss the notion of using baited vaccines as a means to interrupt the transmission of viral pathogens between rodent reservoirs and to susceptible human hosts.

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Stability of a Vesicular Stomatitis Virus–Vectored Ebola Vaccine

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccines for WHO blueprint priority pathogens

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccines for WHO blueprint priority pathogens

Chimpanzee adenoviral vectors as vaccines for outbreak pathogens

Baited vaccines: A strategy to mitigate rodent‐borne viral zoonoses in humans

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