Stability of acetaldehyde in human blood samples

Stowell, Allan; Greenway, Robert M.; Batt, Richard D.

doi:10.1016/0006-2944(78)90064-9

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Our present experiments offered the possibility to measure the capacity of blood of normal Caucasian individuals (with uninhibited aldehyde dehydrogenase activity) to eliminate ethanol-derived acetaldehyde and to compare this with incubations of ethanol-free blood supplemented with acetaldehyde. In contrast to Stowell et al [21] we observed similar rates of acetaldehyde disappearance under both conditions. The complex concentration dependence of the rate of acetaldehyde uptake both under in uivo and in vitro conditions indicates the involvement of either several isoenzymes, multiphasic enzyme reactivity or of a mixture of enzymatic and non-enzymatic (e.g.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of uptake of 20 pmol I-' acetaldehyde in blood was about 2 nmol ml-' min-', which agree well with previous observations [21,351. Assuming a hepatic blood flow of 1400 ml min-' and 20 pmol I-' acetaldehyde in the hepatic vein the hepatic output of acetaldehyde would be 28 pmol min-I.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Rapid disappearance of acetaldehyde added to incubated blood has been observed in a number of studies [16,21,31,321, but only more recently it has been established that at least part of this disappearance is taking place via aldehyde dehydrogenase located in the erythrocytes . The rate of acetaldehyde uptake is markedly inhibited in blood from disulfiramtreated patients [35,361.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood acetaldehyde concentration gradient between hepatic and antecubital venous blood in ethanol‐intoxicated alcoholics and controls*

Nuutinen

Salaspuro

Valle

et al. 1984

Eur J Clin Investigation

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After ethanol (0.8 g kg-1 body weight orally) significant concentrations of acetaldehyde (2-20 mumol 1(-1] were found in hepatic venous blood of moderately intoxicated non-alcoholic male Caucasians in spite of the absence of detectable levels (less than 2 mumol 1(-1] in simultaneously taken antecubital blood. In thirteen chronic alcoholics the elevation of blood acetaldehyde was more constant in the hepatic than in the peripheral vein. Fructose infusion caused a marked elevation of acetaldehyde both in the hepatic and peripheral vein of four controls, but not of four alcoholics, who eliminated ethanol about 50% faster than controls. The rate of disappearance of acetaldehyde from sampled and in vitro incubated hepatic venous blood was similar to that observed after addition of acetaldehyde in vitro to ethanol-free control blood (2 nmol ml-1 min-1 at 20 mumol 1(-1) acetaldehyde; Km about 30 mumol 1(-1]. Uptake of acetaldehyde in blood was calculated to explain maximally 30-40% of the concentration gradient between central and peripheral blood.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood acetaldehyde concentration gradient between hepatic and antecubital venous blood in ethanol‐intoxicated alcoholics and controls*

Nuutinen

Salaspuro

Valle

et al. 1984

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…Inhibition varied between 0 and 100% with an average of 49% (P<0.005). The variation found for the ALDH activity after exposure for DSF is probably explained by the difficulty in analyzing acetaldehyde (Stowell et al 1978) in the haemolysate of erythrocytes. The coefficients of variation ranged from 6 1 5 % (n=6) for an acetaldehyde concentration of 62.5 pmol/l haemolysate.…”

Section: Distribution Over the Erythrocyte Cell Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been established that acetaldehyde is highly nonspecifically bound to various cell membrane proteins (Inoue et al 1978;Tottmar & Hellstrom 1983). Consequently it is extremely difficult to obtain reproducible quantitative measurements when acetaldehyde is analyzed in biological samples (Stowell et al 1978). Maximum non-specific binding of acetaldehyde to blood components after 1 min.…”

Section: Mscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Disulfiram and Its Chief Metabolites over Erythrocyte Cell Membranes and Inactivation of Erythrocyte Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity

Johansson

1990

Pharmacology & Toxicology

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The distribution of disulfiram (Antabuse over erythrocyte cell membranes and the inhibitory action of the parent drug and its metabolites on a disulfiram sensitive erythrocyte isozyme of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) was investigated in intact and haemolyzed human erythrocytes. These studies showed that not only disulfiram but also its bis(diethyldithiocarbamato) copper complex (Cu(DDC)2) were distributed over the erythrocyte cell membranes. In addition, disulfiram was the only substance examined that inactivaed erythrocyte ALDH, a reaction which was dependent on the concentration of disulfiram added.

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The interaction of ethyl alcohol and industrial chemicals

Hills

Venable

1982

American J Industrial Med

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A serious, relatively unrecognized, occupational health problem involves the interaction of ethyl alcohol and chemical agents used in industry. Workers who drink alcohol and are exposed to certain chemical agents may experience adverse health effects such as nausea, dizziness, headache, and liver damage. This report reviews the synergistic interactions of ethanol with compounds such as the thiurams, amides, oximes, halogenated hydrocarbons, and metals. Also discussed is the effect of ethanol as a cofactor with vinyl chloride in the etiology of cancer.

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Stability of acetaldehyde in human blood samples

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Blood acetaldehyde concentration gradient between hepatic and antecubital venous blood in ethanol‐intoxicated alcoholics and controls*

Blood acetaldehyde concentration gradient between hepatic and antecubital venous blood in ethanol‐intoxicated alcoholics and controls*

Distribution of Disulfiram and Its Chief Metabolites over Erythrocyte Cell Membranes and Inactivation of Erythrocyte Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity

The interaction of ethyl alcohol and industrial chemicals

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