Stability of biodiesel and its blends: A review

Jain, Siddharth; Sharma, M.P.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2009.10.011

Cited by 347 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…It is more susceptible to oxidative degradation than petroleum diesel as it is contains unsaturated long-chain fatty acids [1,2]. The oxidative stability can be improved by adding suitable antioxidants [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel oxidative stability from Rancimat data

2016

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Highlights• Sunflower biodiesel was stabilized with a hindered phenol antioxidant.• Oxidative stability is defined by the length of the Rancimat induction period (IP).• A novel Rancimat response function allows automated IP determination.• IP follows an Arrhenius temperature dependence.• IP increased linearly with antioxidant concentration. AbstractIt is conventional to quantify the oxidative stability of oils and biodiesel through an induction time determined by a Rancimat instrument. European Standard EN 14112 for the Rancimat method describes two procedures for determining this induction period. The automated method relies on finding the position of the peak in the second derivative of the conductivity vs. time curve. The manual method is based on the intersection of two tangents lines. It is shown that this method can also be automated by a curve fitting approach based on a novel Rancimat response function. This analysis demonstrates that the induction period values determined by the two methods differ with the second derivative method returning slightly higher estimates for the induction period.Biodiesel was prepared using base-catalysed methanolysis of sunflower oil. It was stabilized using the hindered phenol antioxidant tetrakis[methylene(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)]methane. It was found that stability increases linearly with stabiliser concentration and that the effect of the measurement temperature follows Arrhenius kinetics. The effectiveness of the antioxidant stabiliser diminished with increasing temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel oxidative stability from Rancimat data

2016

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“…From a technical point of view, the modifications to engines to be powered by biodiesel are minimal if not absent (Meher et al, 2006;Fazal et al, 2011). However, because biodiesel has an oxidant potential greater than that of diesel oil, it can potentially cause greater corrosion (Sgroi et al, 2005;Tsuchiya et al, 2006;Jain and Sharma, 2010b), although the engine wear is similar to that observed when using traditional diesel oil (Dorado, 2003;Khan et al, 2009). Finally, it has solvency properties for several types of polymeric materials, which means it can cause structural degradation (Gonzales Prieto et al, 2008;Trakarnpruk and Porntangjitlikit, 2008;Haseeb et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Durability test on an agricultural tractor engine fuelled with pure biodiesel (B100)

Bietresato¹,

Friso²

2014

Turk J Agric For

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The performance of a 118-kW tractor fuelled by pure biodiesel was monitored during a long-term field experiment with\ud approximately 800 h of engine function. The objective was to demonstrate that B100, a pure biodiesel fuel, is a viable alternative to\ud traditional diesel oil in terms of long-term mechanical reliability. A bench test on the new engine, performed by attaching a test stand to\ud the power take-off of the tractor, showed an expected reduction in power (–9%) and torque (–7%) and an increase in specific consumption\ud (+13%) when biodiesel was used as a complete substitute to diesel oil. Furthermore, with the same setup, the exhaust gas had a Bosch\ud smoke index equal to 50% of the value for the same engine fuelled with diesel oil. After these initial tests, the tractor was set up for\ud normal field operations, in which both the engine curves and lubricant quality were periodically monitored. These surveys indicated\ud no significant reduction in engine performance; however, the lubricant was consequently diluted and contaminated by biodiesel, which\ud caused the lubricant properties to considerably worsen. However, on the basis of the chemical–physical analysis, reducing the oil\ud change interval from 200 h (manufacturer’s indications for the engine when operating with diesel oil) to 100 h would compensate for\ud this progressive quality decline. At the end of the trials, the engine was disassembled to check the condition of its components; wear\ud and lacquer-like coating phenomena were observed, and their levels were acceptable. The obtained results demonstrated that B100\ud can effectively substitute for diesel oil in a standard compression-ignition engine: the power change is not perceptible during normal\ud operation of a tractor, and no particular problem will arise in the engine during its life if the lubricant is changed every 100 h

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“…[7][8][9] The stability of biodiesel depends on the raw material, the presence of natural antioxidants and the storage conditions. [10][11][12] Several studies have been conducted on the degradation of biodiesel and biodiesel:diesel blends. Some attempted to estimate the efficiency of antioxidants under accelerated and storage conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Full Factorial Design to Evaluate the Effect of Different Variables on the Stability of Biodiesel:Diesel Blends under Storage Conditions

Rezende¹,

Vale²,

Aguiar³

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Biodiesel is obtained from a renewable source and has been used as an alternative to fossil fuels. It has unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters that can degrade due to oxidation of the double bonds. The instability of biodiesel during storage may cause problems regarding the maintenance and operation of motors. This work evaluated the effect of several variables on the storage conditions of biodiesel:diesel blends. The study was performed using an experimental design, and the variables were water content in biodiesel (0.01, 0.05 and 0.09%), biodiesel content in diesel (5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%), time (15, 30 and 45 days) and temperature (30, 40 and 50 °C). The levels simulated actual Brazilian storage conditions. The degradation was evaluated based on direct measurement of methyl linoleate and methyl oleate in the blends by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters are target compounds in the oxidation process. All experiments were carried out in sealed flasks. The results suggest that the restriction of oxygen limited the degradation of biodiesel in blends with higher percentage of the biofuel. The variables temperature, time and water content in biodiesel individually did not affect the degradation process within the range investigated at 95% confidence interval.

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Stability of biodiesel and its blends: A review

Cited by 347 publications

References 87 publications

Biodiesel oxidative stability from Rancimat data

Biodiesel oxidative stability from Rancimat data

Durability test on an agricultural tractor engine fuelled with pure biodiesel (B100)

Application of Full Factorial Design to Evaluate the Effect of Different Variables on the Stability of Biodiesel:Diesel Blends under Storage Conditions

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