Stability of Boys� Social Success among Peers over an Eleven-Year Period

Weisfeld, Glenn E.; Muczenski, Denise M.; Weisfeld, Carol Cronin; Omark, Donald R.

doi:10.1159/000414252

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Pride has a full-body display featuring an erect and expanded posture, with gaze directed at the audience, and bodily relaxation (5,34,45). This display conveys achievement and dominance (5,7,46) and reflects both short-term and long-term successes (37,47); thus, the pride display is attractive to potential mates (48), a cue to choose partners, and intimidating to rivals (5,49), which may have the effect of reducing aggression (20) and stabilizing a dominance hierarchy. The behavioral display of pride, which derives from dominance and deference systems, is zoologically widespread, not only among nonhuman primates (50) but in a wide range of taxa, including invertebrates (51); thus, it is phylogenetically ancient (for similarities and differences between human and nonhuman status, see refs.…”

Section: The Advertisement-recalibration Theory Of Pridementioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural regularities in the cognitive architecture of pride

Sznycer

Al-Shawaf

Bereby‐Meyer

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

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Pride occurs in every known culture, appears early in development, is reliably triggered by achievements and formidability, and causes a characteristic display that is recognized everywhere. Here, we evaluate the theory that pride evolved to guide decisions relevant to pursuing actions that enhance valuation and respect for a person in the minds of others. By hypothesis, pride is a neurocomputational program tailored by selection to orchestrate cognition and behavior in the service of: (i) motivating the costeffective pursuit of courses of action that would increase others' valuations and respect of the individual, (ii) motivating the advertisement of acts or characteristics whose recognition by others would lead them to enhance their evaluations of the individual, and (iii) mobilizing the individual to take advantage of the resulting enhanced social landscape. To modulate how much to invest in actions that might lead to enhanced evaluations by others, the pride system must forecast the magnitude of the evaluations the action would evoke in the audience and calibrate its activation proportionally. We tested this prediction in 16 countries across 4 continents (n = 2,085), for 25 acts and traits. As predicted, the pride intensity for a given act or trait closely tracks the valuations of audiences, local (mean r = +0.82) and foreign (mean r = +0.75). This relationship is specific to pride and does not generalize to other positive emotions that coactivate with pride but lack its audience-recalibrating function.pride | valuation | decision-making | emotion | culture

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Section: The Advertisement-recalibration Theory Of Pridementioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural regularities in the cognitive architecture of pride

Sznycer

Al-Shawaf

Bereby‐Meyer

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

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“…Women also prefer men who are dominant (though not 'domineering'), which is a trait that is of use in ascending status hierarchies (Keating, 1985;Sadalla et al, 1987). This female preference for dominant males is already apparent in adolescence (Weisfeld et al, 1987). Although some have suggested that women prefer wealthy men only because women have been foreclosed from opportunities to obtain wealth on their own, it turns out that women who make more money tend to value monetary resources and professional status of potential mates more than women who make less money (Buss, 1994).…”

Section: Natural Selection and The Origin Of Temperamental Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evolutionary account of women's workplace status

Browne

1998

Manage. Decis. Econ.

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Although many believe that women's low representation among top executives and lower average income is primarily a result of socialization and discrimination, findings of psychology, biology, and anthropology suggest that evolutionarily derived temperamental sex differences exist that may explain much of these disparities. Stereotypes of men as more competitive and more inclined to take risks than women, and stereotypes of women as more attached to their children and more risk averse than men are true as generalizations. Traits for which average sex differences exist, such as aggressiveness, desire for status, and risk preference, are highly correlated with workplace outcomes. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Some developmental differences have been reported. For example, intelligence has been described as becoming a more important contributor to social success later in adolescence (Weisfeld, Muczenski, Weisfeld, & Omark, 1987). Unfortunately, previous work has tended to include youngsters within a narrowly defined age range, thus conclusions about developmental similarities or differences must be based on comparison of studies that use different age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer acceptance and social behavior during childhood and adolescence: How important are appearance, athleticism, and academic competence?

Vannatta

Gartstein

Zeller

et al. 2009

International Journal of Behavioral Development

105

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Efforts to identify factors associated with peer acceptance have historically focused on behavioral and social cognitive processes, whereas less empirical attention has focused on the impact of children's other personal attributes and competencies that are not inherently a component of social competence. The current study examined the association of three such nonsocial attributes -physical attractiveness, athleticism, and academic competence -with peer acceptance and whether these associations vary as a function of gender and development. In addition, we examined the extent to which peer perceptions of these attributes were associated with positive and negative patterns of social behavior and whether child attributes accounted for unique variance in peer acceptance above and beyond indices of social behavior. Use of a large (N = 3183) sample of students in grades 2-10 allowed examination of whether the associations of child attributes, social behavior, and peer acceptance varied as a function of development or gender. All three attributes consistently accounted for unique variance in social acceptance and behavior, although their relative importance varied. Child gender and grade level were significant, but not universal, moderators of these associations.

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Stability of Boys� Social Success among Peers over an Eleven-Year Period

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Cross-cultural regularities in the cognitive architecture of pride

Cross-cultural regularities in the cognitive architecture of pride

An evolutionary account of women's workplace status

Peer acceptance and social behavior during childhood and adolescence: How important are appearance, athleticism, and academic competence?

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