Stability of Cough Linctus (Streptol) Formulated from Named Medicinal Plant Extracts

Iwu, Maurice M.; Okunji, Christopher O.; Tchimene, Michel K.; Anele, Ngozi; Chah, Kennedy F.; Osonwa, Uduma Eke; Akpa, Paul A.; Onunkwo, Godswill C.

doi:10.1248/cpb.57.229

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Laooq, made of powdered natural plants in a viscous syrup or honey, is a popular TPM formulation with local demulcent and antitussive effects. High viscosity of Laooq during licking leads to its longer transit time through esophagus (Iwu et al, 2009;Zarshenas et al, 2013). Sugars used in Laooqs, Morabbas, and syrups have sweetening and texturizing effects (Bayarri et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentials of Antitussive Traditional Persian Functional Foods for COVID-19 Therapy†

et al. 2021

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Coronavirus disease 2019 is a worldwide pandemic resulting in a severe acute respiratory syndrome. Remdesivir is the only FDA-approved drug for hospitalized patients older than age 12. It shows the necessity of finding new therapeutic strategies. Functional foods (FFs) could have co-therapeutic and protective effects against COVID-19 infection. Traditional Persian medicine (TPM), one of the safest and most popular schools of medicine for hundreds of years, has recommended potential FF candidates to manage such a global pandemic. To reveal the potential of TPM in terms of antitussive FFs, traditional Persian pharmacopoeia “Qarabadin-e-Salehi” was searched using the keywords “Soaal” and “Sorfeh.” Also, a search of MEDLINE, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and Science Direct was performed for the relevant literature published from the inception up to March 2021. A combination of search terms including “cough, antitussive, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antiviral, COVID-19, mucoactive, mucolytic, expectorant, and mucoregulatory” was also applied. The potential mechanism of action in SARS-CoV-2 infection was discussed. Twelve TPM FFs were found including Laooqs, Morabbas, a Saviq, a soup, and a syrup. They are combinations of two to seven ingredients. Natural compounds of mentioned formulations have the main pharmacological mechanisms including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihistamine, bronchodilator, immunomodulatory, and mucoactive effects as well as central or peripheral antitussive activities. FFs are cost-effective, easily accessible, and safe options for both treatment and prevention of COVID-19. They might have positive psychological effects along with their pharmacological effects and nutritional virtues. They could also manage persistent respiratory discomforts after recovery from COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentials of Antitussive Traditional Persian Functional Foods for COVID-19 Therapy†

et al. 2021

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“…Specific gravity and the viscosity and properties of the formulation are stable on storage with glycerin based formulation and have higher values. [32]…”

Section: Different Tools and Techniques To Deal With Problems Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel approaches for stability improvement in natural medicines

Thakur¹,

Ghodasra²,

Patel³

et al. 2011

Phcog Rev

103

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Natural product market has seen tremendous growth in the last few years. It results in the formulation of a number of proprietary herbal products, majority of them being multi-component formulations. With the advancement of herbal drug treatments, it has now been observed that many of the constituents present in the drug may react with each other, raising the serious concern about the stability of such formulations which is an important issue in the field of phytochemistry and natural medicines. Natural products are often prone to deterioration, especially during storage, leading to loss of active component, production of metabolites with no activity and, in extreme cases, production of toxic metabolites. This area needs to be addressed in order to determine the efficacy of the formulation. Understanding the problems related to natural product stability can give the idea of dealing with the stability issues. Modifications of the conventional herbal formulations can deal with the stability problems to a large extent. This article deals with the stability problems and is aimed to provide some tools and techniques to increase stability of natural medicines and herbal formulations.

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“…Garcinia kola Heckel (Clusiaceae) is an evergreen tree whose seeds are highly valuable and traditionally consumed as an antidote against some diseases (Iwu et al, 2009;Esiegwu et al, 2014). One of the important compounds isolated from Garcinia kola is kolaviron.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective role of glycine and kolaviron on lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations of raw U937 cells and U937-derived macrophages

OKOKO

Ndoni

2022

Not Sci Biol

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The effect of glycine and kolaviron on lipopolysaccharide-induced U937 cell damage and activation of U937-derived macrophages was studied. U937 cells were incubated with either glycine or kolaviron or both for 24 h before exposure to lipopolysaccharide. Cell viability and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were later assessed. In the other experiment, the U937 cells were transformed to the macrophage form using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and incubated with or without glycine or kolaviron or both before exposure to lipopolysaccharide. Production of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and NO were later assessed. The expression of the antioxidant enzymes- superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was also evaluated via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). It revealed that lipopolysaccharide caused significant cell death and production of reactive oxygen species that was reduced by glycine and kolaviron. Glycine and kolaviron also reduced lipopolysaccharide-mediated secretion of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and NO in U937-derived macrophages. In some cases, pre-incubation of cells with both glycine and kolaviron was better than the individual responses. Glycine and kolaviron also reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations in the expression of SOD and CAT (p<0.05). The study shows that both glycine and kolaviron (either separately or in combination) reduced lipopolysaccharide-mediated alterations in U937 cells and U937-derived macrophages.

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Stability of Cough Linctus (Streptol) Formulated from Named Medicinal Plant Extracts

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Potentials of Antitussive Traditional Persian Functional Foods for COVID-19 Therapy†

Potentials of Antitussive Traditional Persian Functional Foods for COVID-19 Therapy†

Novel approaches for stability improvement in natural medicines

Protective role of glycine and kolaviron on lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations of raw U937 cells and U937-derived macrophages

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