Stability of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and mineral nitrogen in bulk precipitation and throughfall

Michalzik, Beate; Dorsch, Tanja; Matzner, Egbert

doi:10.1002/jpln.19971600314

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Several agents have been used to preserve the integrity of samples, such as HgCl 2 , chloroform, acid, or thymol, or samples may have been frozen for long-term storage prior to analysis. Apart from the initial losses noted by Scudlark et al [5], loss of organic N from collected samples appears not to be a major problem compared to measured changes in NH 4 + or NO 3 -concentrations [6], although in this example, and in most other studies, samples may have been collected several hours, if not days, after rainfall. In samples that have not been filtered, there is the possibility of slow dissolution of particulate organic N. Freezing, or preservation with HgCl 2 , can maintain organic N concentrations for at least a year in the laboratory [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Organic Nitrogen in Precipitation: Real Problem or Sampling Artefact?

Cape

Kirika

Rowland

et al. 2001

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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Published observations of organic nitrogen (N) compounds in precipitation go back almost a century. Several different methods have been used to measure both the total and ionic concentrations of N. There is therefore some uncertainty as to whether reported "organic N" is real, or simply the result of uncertainties in chemical analyses or inadequate sampling methods. We found that the materials from which the collector was made (polypropylene, steel, or glass) had no significant effect on the composition of dissolved organic N (DON). The use of a biocide was found to be very important during sampling and storage of samples before analysis. We set up a network of seven collectors across the U.K., from the Cairngorms to Dorset, all operating to the same protocol, and including a biocide. Samples were analysed centrally, using proven methods. Over 6 months, organic N contributed about 20% to the total N in U.K. precipitation, but with a large variation across the country. This means that current estimates of wet deposited N to the U.K., which are based only on the ammonium and nitrate concentrations, are too small. Organic N is not an artefact, but a real problem that needs to be addressed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Organic Nitrogen in Precipitation: Real Problem or Sampling Artefact?

Cape

Kirika

Rowland

et al. 2001

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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“…The zero-tension lysimeters consist of polypropylene (PP) plates covered with a PE net (mesh width of 0.5 mm) connected with PE hoses to 2 L PE bottles stored in a box belowground. Sampling of solutions was performed biweekly year-round to minimize alterations in the chemical composition [Michalzik et al, 1997].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and modeling of diameter distributions of particulate matter in terrestrial solutions

Levia

Michalzik

Bischoff

et al. 2013

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Particulate matter (PM) plays an important role in biogeosciences, affecting biosphere-atmosphere interactions and ecosystem health. This is the first known study to quantify and model PM diameter distributions of bulk precipitation, throughfall, stemflow, and organic layer (Oa) solution. Solutions were collected from a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest during leafed and leafless periods. Following scanning electron microscopy and image analysis, PM distributions were quantified and then modeled with the Box-Cox transformation. Based on an analysis of 43,278 individual particulates, median PM diameter of all solutions was around 3.0 mm. All PM diameter frequency distributions were skewed significantly to the right. Optimal power transformations of PM diameter distributions were between À1.00 and À1.56. The utility of this model reconstruction would be that large samples having a similar probability density function can be developed for similar forests. Further work on the shape and chemical composition of particulates is warranted.

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“…In this way we tried to reduce the energy-driven microbial reactions within the rain samplers (if any). Concomitant experiments showed that the concentrations of organic and mineral N were not significantly influenced by microbes washed into the throughfall samplers, even when much longer sampling intervals were used (Michalzik et al 1997).…”

Section: Description Of the Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Insect herbivores and the nutrient flow from the canopy to the soil in coniferous and deciduous forests

2001

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Phytophagous insects can have severe impacts on forested ecosystems in outbreak situations but their contribution to flows of energy and matter is otherwise not so well known. Identifying the role of phytophagous insects in forested ecosystems is partly hindered by the difficulty of combining results from population and community ecology with those from ecosystem ecology. In our study we compared the effects of aphids and leaf-feeding lepidopterous larvae on the epiphytic micro-organisms in the canopies of spruce, beech and oak, and on the vertical flow of energy and nutrients from the canopies down to the forest floor. We particularly searched for patterns resulting from endemic herbivory rather than outbreak situations. Excreta of lepidopterous larvae and aphids promoted the growth of epiphytic micro-organisms (bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi) on needles and leaves, which suggests that micro-organisms were energy limited. Leachates from needles and leaves of infested trees contained higher concentrations of dissolved organic C and lower concentrations of NH-N and NO-N, relative to uninfested trees. The seasonal abundance of herbivores and micro-organisms significantly affected the dynamics of throughfall chemistry; for instance, concentrations of inorganic N were lower underneath infested than uninfested trees during June and July. There was little difference between the chemistry of soil solutions collected from the forest floor beneath infested and uninfested trees. Thus, under moderate to low levels of infestation the effects of above-ground herbivory seems to be obscured in the soil through buffering biological processes.

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Stability of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and mineral nitrogen in bulk precipitation and throughfall

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Organic Nitrogen in Precipitation: Real Problem or Sampling Artefact?

Organic Nitrogen in Precipitation: Real Problem or Sampling Artefact?

Measurement and modeling of diameter distributions of particulate matter in terrestrial solutions

Insect herbivores and the nutrient flow from the canopy to the soil in coniferous and deciduous forests

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