Stability of fenugreek (<italic>Trigonella foenum-graecum</italic> L.) genotypes for terminal heat and water stress

Abstract

Thirty genotypes of fenugreek (&lt;italic&gt;Trigonella foenum-graecum&lt;/italic&gt; L.) were evaluated over four environments in randomized block design with 3 replications to estimate stability parameters of seed yield and its important component traits. The environments were created by changing the dates of sowing and irrigation levels. The genotypes interacted with the environments significantly indicating non linear response of genotypes to environments. Simple correlations between seed yield and other traits indicated that pods per plant and the test weight are the two important component traits. Stability analysis indicated difference in stability among the genotype for seed yield and the component traits. A positive correlation was noted between the regression coefficient and the mean seed yield of the genotypes, thus hypothesizing that higher yielding genotypes were better suited to better environments. The results of AMMI analysis corroborated with the results obtained from stability anlaysis, although AMMI analysis provided a better chance to delineate the genotypes and environments. Genotypes UM-137, UM-128, UM-322 and RMt-1 are found relatively stable for seed yield.

Exogenous 24-epibrassinolide ameliorates tolerance to high-temperature by adjusting the biosynthesis of pigments, enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and diosgenin content in fenugreek

“…There is not any breeding background for this crop in Iran and local landraces are commonly used by farmers 4 . Due to the special geographical and climatic conditions of Iran, the occurrence of environmental stresses would be quite inevitable, so the identification of stress-tolerant plants with high yield potential or the use of various stimulants to improve plants tolerance, especially medicinal plants, seems necessary 5 .…”

Exogenous 24-epibrassinolide ameliorates tolerance to high-temperature by adjusting the biosynthesis of pigments, enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and diosgenin content in fenugreek.

“…There is not any breeding background for this crop in Iran and local landraces are commonly using by farmers 48 . Due to the special geographical and climatic conditions of Iran, the occurrence of environmental stresses would be quite inevitable, so the identi cation of stress-tolerant plants with high yield potential or the use of various stimulants with the aim of improving plants tolerance, especially medicinal plants, seems necessary 35 . During the growing season, the fenugreek plant requires relatively cool and mild weather, so that temperatures above 35°C, especially at the beginning before the owering stage, damage this plant 43,42 .…”

“…Disruption of photosynthesis function, denaturation of proteins and generation of heat shock proteins, decomposition of enzymes, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and disruption of plant cell walls are primary and vital damages caused by the high-temperature stress 45 . In previous studies, the adverse effects of hightemperature stress on the quality and quantity of fenugreek were well established, although biotic and abiotic stresses have effectively increased the content of some important secondary metabolites, such as diosgenin and trigonelline in fenugreek 23,43,35,19,36 .…”

“…Recently, many researchers focused on classical methods of plant breeding and biotechnology to enhance the plants tolerance to a wide range of environmental stresses 23,43,35 . Although being quite expensive, complicated and time-consuming, screening, and identifying the superior genotypes could be listed as a crucial step in breeding programs 10 .When this key step is carried out in the same climatic region in which the domestic cultivars are used, more satisfactory results are guaranteed.…”

Performance of some promising germplasm of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L) towards growth and yield and their response to accumulated heat towards rate of flowering and pod development

“…There are defined phases in the life cycle of an annual crop like fenugreek namely vegetative (between seedling emergence and floral initiation), reproductive (between floral initiation and flowering) and grain filling (between anthesis and physiological maturity). The genotypes-environment interaction study was conducted by Meena et al (2015) showing the significantly non linear response of genotypes to environments. Simple correlations between seed yield and other traits indicated that pods per plant and the test weight are the two important component traits.…”