Stability of hematologic analytes in monkey, rabbit, rat, and mouse blood stored at 4°C in EDTA using the ADVIA 120 hematology analyzer

Ameri, Mehrdad; Schnaars, Henry A; Sibley, John R.; Honor, David J.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-165x.2011.00304.x

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Blood smear evaluation is also useful for evaluating other preanalytic artifactual changes, as time and temperature can also affect other cell lines . Numerous reports document time‐ and temperature‐dependent changes in RBCs, WBCs, and PLTs, and automated and manual CBC indices in cattle, lab animals, dogs, sheep, goats, horses, turkeys, and harp seals . However, surprisingly, in Xenopus tropicalis , using the Natt‐Herrick solution, cellular integrity was maintained for 2 years post collection …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluation and, therefore, interpretation of CBC findings can be limited by certain preanalytical factors. For example, prolonged storage could cause artifactual increases in hematocrit, MCV, and MPV, and decreases in the MCHC and PLT variables . Additionally, in 1984, Gossett and Carakostas showed that prolonged storage of blood in EDTA could cause the development of cytoplasmic vacuoles in neutrophils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of time and storage on toxic or pseudo‐toxic change in canine neutrophils

Bau‐Gaudreault

Grimes

2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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| INTRODUC TI ONThe CBC is an essential component of patient health evaluations.Automated cell counters have been used since the mid-20th century 1 to rapidly obtain certain hematology data, including several red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), and platelet (PLT) indices. However, blood smear evaluation remains a requisite part of the CBC in veterinary species, as automated analyzers do not reliably detect many clinically relevant morphologic abnormalities, such as immature granulocytes, toxic change, infectious agents, and neoplastic cells. Evaluation and, therefore, interpretation of CBC findings can be limited by certain preanalytical factors. For example, prolonged storage could cause artifactual increases in hematocrit, MCV, and MPV, and decreases in the MCHC and PLT variables. 2-6 Additionally, in 1984, Gossett and Carakostas 7 showed that Abstract Background: The presence of toxic change in neutrophils is frequently used as a biomarker of inflammation in dogs. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of time and storage on toxic change in canine neutrophils. Methods: One hundred and fifty microliters of EDTA blood were obtained from eight dogs with no toxic neutrophil changes observed on fresh blood smears (T0). Blood was stored at room temperature (RT), in a box with an icepack (ICE), and at 4°C. For each storage condition, smears were prepared 2 (T2), 4 (T4), 8 (T8), and 24 (T24) hours post blood draw. Smears were randomized, and each smear was evaluated for the presence of toxic neutrophil change. Results: A statistically significant effect of time and storage on the presence of toxic neutrophil change was observed. Compared with T0, the number of neutrophils containing Döhle bodies was significantly higher at T8 and T24 for the RT (P < 0.0001) and ICE (P < 0.0001) samples and at T24 for 4°C samples (P < 0.0001). Additionally, smears were falsely classified as having 1+ toxic change in 0/8 (T2), 1/8 (T4), 3/8 (T8), and 8/8 (T24) for RT samples; 0/8 (T2 and T4), 2/8 (T8), and 5/7 (T24) smears for ICE samples; and 0/8 (T2, T4, and T8) and 2/8 (T24) for 4°C samples. Conclusions: Smears can be falsely classified as having neutrophils with toxic change as early as 4 hours post blood draw in samples stored at RT, 8 hours when stored with icepacks, and 24 hours when stored at 4°C. Canine blood smears should be prepared and evaluated for toxic neutrophil change as early as possible. K E Y W O R D S artifact, delay, Döhle bodies, icepack, preanalytic, refrigerator

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of time and storage on toxic or pseudo‐toxic change in canine neutrophils

Bau‐Gaudreault

Grimes

2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…Sample stability is the ability of its analyte to maintain the initial value of the determined parameter. Analyte stability, however, may vary due to storage temperature of the sample, time elapsed since blood collection, animal species, and method of analysis (Ameri et al 2011).In this study, temperature of sample storage had no significant effect on analyte stability for all of the determined parameters (HCT, HGB, and RBC) regardless of the determination method (traditional or multi-parameter automated method). Based on other studies, temperature may have a different impact on sample stability in various mammalian species (Ihediohaet al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Stability of HCT, HGB and RBC values in the Mute Swan (Cygnus olor) blood stored at 4°c and 24°c differs between traditional and multi-parameter automated methods

Trzeciak

Meissner

2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of time of sample storage, method of analysis, and storage temperature on stability of HCT, HGB, and RBC in avian blood samples. Blood samples from mute swans were stored at 24°C or 4°C. Analyses of HCT, HGB, and RBC were carried out after 5 and 25 hours after collection of blood using both traditional and Cell-Dyn 3700 analyzer methods. Storage temperature had no significant influence on HCT, HGB, and RBC values of mute swan blood. However hematological parameters obtained by the traditional method were significantly lower than the results from the analyzer. Time of storage had a significant influence on values obtained traditionally for HCT, HGB, and RBC, but did not affect results that were obtained by the multi-parameter automated method. These results indicate that the mute swan blood can be stored at both room and refrigerator temperature. However, the analysis should be performed as soon as possible, especially in the case of traditional methods. Reference intervals for this species should always include information about the method used for hemogram determination and time elapsed since the blood collection.

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“…Use of a tube rocker will ensure that samples remain well mixed following collection and prior to analysis. Most hematology variables are stable at 4°C for up to 24 hours . Fresh blood smears should be prepared immediately, but at a maximum, within 6 hours of phlebotomy…”

Section: Summary Of Best Practice Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Best practices for veterinary toxicologic clinical pathology, with emphasis on the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries

Tomlinson

Boone

Ramaiah

et al. 2013

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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The purpose of this paper by the Regulatory Affairs Committee (RAC) of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) is to review the current regulatory guidances (eg, guidelines) and published recommendations for best practices in veterinary toxicologic clinical pathology, particularly in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, and to utilize the combined experience of ASVCP RAC to provide updated recommendations. Discussion points include (1) instrumentation, validation, and sample collection, (2) routine laboratory variables, (3) cytologic laboratory variables, (4) data interpretation and reporting (including peer review, reference intervals and statistics), and (5) roles and responsibilities of clinical pathologists and laboratory personnel. Revision and improvement of current practices should be in alignment with evolving regulatory guidance documents, new technology, and expanding understanding and utility of clinical pathology. These recommendations provide a contemporary guide for the refinement of veterinary toxicologic clinical pathology best practices.

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Stability of hematologic analytes in monkey, rabbit, rat, and mouse blood stored at 4°C in EDTA using the ADVIA 120 hematology analyzer

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of time and storage on toxic or pseudo‐toxic change in canine neutrophils

Effect of time and storage on toxic or pseudo‐toxic change in canine neutrophils

Stability of HCT, HGB and RBC values in the Mute Swan (Cygnus olor) blood stored at 4°c and 24°c differs between traditional and multi-parameter automated methods

Best practices for veterinary toxicologic clinical pathology, with emphasis on the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries

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