In this paper, we consider a nonlocal boundary value problem of nonlinear impulsive Langevin equation with mixed derivatives. Some sufficient conditions are constructed to observe the existence, uniqueness, and generalized Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability of our proposed model, with the help of Diaz-Margolis' fixed-point approach over generalized complete metric space. We give an example that supports our main result.
KEYWORDS
Caputo derivative, Langevin equation, noninstantaneous impulses, Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability
MSC CLASSIFICATION26A33; 34A08; 34B27
INTRODUCTIONAt Wisconsin University, Ulam raised a question about the stability of functional equations in the year 1940. The question of Ulam was under what conditions does there exist an additive mapping near an approximately additive mapping? 1 In 1941, Hyers was the first mathematician who gave partial answer to Ulam's question, 2 over Banach space. Afterwards, stability of such form is known as Ulam-Hyers stability. In 1978, Rassias 3 provided a remarkable generalization of the Ulam-Hyers stability of mappings by considering variables. For more information and different approaches about the topic, we refer the reader to the previous studies. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] An equation of the form m d 2 x dt 2 = dx dt + (t) is called Langevin equation, introduced by Paul Langevin in 1908. Langevin equations are broadly used to describe stochastic problems in image processing, physics, astronomy, chemistry, defence system, electrical, and mechanical engineering. Brownian motion is well described by the Langevin equations when the random oscillation force is supposed to be Gaussian noise. For the removal of noise, mathematicians used fractional order differential equations, also it performs well in reducing the staircase effects as compared with ordinary differential equations. Thus, it is very important to study fractional Langevin equations, for more details, see previous studies. [17][18][19][20] Fractional order differential equations are the generalizations of the classical integer order differential equations. Fractional calculus has become a speedily developing area, and its applications can be found in diverse fields ranging from physical sciences, porous media, electrochemistry, economics, electromagnetics, medicine, and engineering to biological sciences. Progressively, fractional differential equations play a very important role in fields such as thermodynamics, statistical physics viscoelasticity, nonlinear oscillation of earthquakes, defence, optics, control, electrical circuits, signal processing, and astronomy. There are some outstanding articles that provide the main theoretical tools for the qualitative analysis of this research field and, at the same time, shows the interconnection as well as the distinction between integral models of classical and fractional differential equations, see previous studies. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Impulsive fractional differential equations are used to describe both physi...