Stability of IQ measures in teenagers and young adults with developmental dyslexia

Ingesson, Stina

doi:10.1002/dys.306

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…None of the children was diagnosed with ophthalmic, neurologic, emotional, or behavioral disorders, or unusual educational circumstances that could result in poor reading and spelling[ 18 19 ] or low intelligence quotient scores. [ 20 21 ] A psychiatrist and a speech therapist examined all participants by using the National Anger Management Association (NAMA), a reading and dyslexia test. A standard Snellen distance vision chart demonstrated visual acuity of 6/6 or better in each eye in all cases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern visual evoked potentials in dyslexic children

Shandiz

Heyrani

Sobhani-Rad

et al. 2017

J Ophthalmic Vis Res

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Purpose:This study aimed to compare pattern visual evoked potential (PVEP) components in dyslexic and normal children.Methods:This cross-sectional analytic study recruited 72 children, including 36 dyslexic and 36 normal participants aged 8-12 years. Visual examinations included measurement of distance visual acuity, refraction, and PVEP components of amplitudes and latencies with two different check sizes of 15 and 60 minutes (min) of arc at two contrast levels of 25% and 100%.Results:Our results demonstrated significant differences between dyslexic and normal children in terms of P100 latency and amplitude of PVEP at 25% contrast, with check sizes of 15 and 60 min of arc. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding P100 latency and amplitude at 100% contrast with check sizes of both 15 and 60 min of arc.Conclusion:Dyslexic participants showed reduced amplitude and prolonged latency in most PVEP components at low-contrast levels. These findings may support the magnocellular deficit hypothesis in dyslexic participants, even though the parvocellular pathway remains intact.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern visual evoked potentials in dyslexic children

Shandiz

Heyrani

Sobhani-Rad

et al. 2017

J Ophthalmic Vis Res

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show abstract

“…Other exclusion criteria were neurological, emotional, or behavioral disorders, or any unusual educational circumstance, which could account for poor performance in reading, spelling[ 20 21 ] and IQ test. [ 22 23 ] All participants were diagnosed by a psychiatrist and a speech therapist using Nama, a reading and dyslexia test. All participants had the best corrected visual acuity of 6/6 or better in each eye when examined by a standard Snellen distance chart (Clement Clark International, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern visual evoked potentials in dyslexic versus normal children

Heravian

Sobhani-Rad

Lari

et al. 2015

J Ophthalmic Vis Res

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Purpose:Presence of neurophysiological abnormalities in dyslexia has been a conflicting issue. This study was performed to evaluate the role of sensory visual deficits in the pathogenesis of dyslexia.Methods:Pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEP) were recorded in 72 children including 36 children with dyslexia and 36 children without dyslexia (controls) who were matched for age, sex and intelligence. Two check sizes of 15 and 60 min of arc were used with temporal frequencies of 1.5 Hz for transient and 6 Hz for steady-state methods.Results:Mean latency and amplitude values for 15 min arc and 60 min arc check sizes using steady state and transient methods showed no significant difference between the two study groups (P values: 0.139/0.481/0.356/0.062). Furthermore, no significant difference was observed between two methods of PVEPs in dyslexic and normal children using 60 min arc with high contrast (P values: 0.116, 0.402, 0.343 and 0.106).Conclusion:The sensitivity of PVEP has high validity to detect visual deficits in children with dyslexic problem. However, no significant difference was found between dyslexia and normal children using high contrast stimuli.

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“…, there are some long-term associations between IQ and persistence of RD: individuals with higher childhood IQ have been found to have better adult-age spelling skills relative to childhood skills than their peers with lower IQ (Strehlow, 1992). RD and verbal intelligence in particular are known to have reciprocal long-term relationship (e.g., Ingesson, 2005;Stanovich, 1986;Swanson, 2012). Reading comprehension problems, which are commonly seen as secondary deficits due to compromised reading fluency and accuracy (Lyon, Shaywitz, & Shaywitz, 2003) but also as the common product of problems in decoding and language comprehension (Simple View of Reading; Gough & Tunmer, 1986), have been found to be especially related to components of verbal intelligence, vocabulary in particular (e.g., Swanson, Barnes, Fall, & Roberts, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Resolving reading disability—Childhood predictors and adult‐age outcomes

et al. 2018

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We examined frequency of adult‐age reading disability (RD) and its childhood predictors among 48 adults (20 to 39 years) with documented childhood RD, and contrasted their cognitive skills, education, and employment with 37 matched controls. Among individuals with childhood RD, more than half had improved in their reading fluency to the level where the set criterion for adult‐age RD was not met anymore. More fluent rapid naming, less severe childhood RD, and multiple support providers in childhood together predicted improvement of reading fluency. More fluent naming differentiated the childhood RD participants whose reading fluency had improved by adult‐age from those participants whose RD persisted to adult‐age. All the individuals with childhood RD performed weaker than the controls in adult‐age working memory, processing speed, and verbal skills. Educational level among both RD groups was lower than that among the controls. Unemployment of individuals with persistent adult‐age RD (31.6%) was higher than that of individuals with improved adult‐age RD (13.8%) or that of the controls (8.1%). According to our findings, rapid naming is one evident factor differentiating individuals with persisted RD from those with ameliorated reading fluency. Also, better adult‐age reading fluency has significance for adult‐age employment among individuals with childhood RD.

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Stability of IQ measures in teenagers and young adults with developmental dyslexia

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

Pattern visual evoked potentials in dyslexic children

Pattern visual evoked potentials in dyslexic children

Pattern visual evoked potentials in dyslexic versus normal children

Resolving reading disability—Childhood predictors and adult‐age outcomes

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