Stability of Ni / TiB2 Coating on CuCrZr Electrodes for Resistance Spot Welding Galvanized Steel Sheet

Sejč, Pavol; Jaško, Peter; Baksa, Peter; Belanová, Judita

doi:10.21062/ujep/x.2017/a/1213-2489/mt/17/4/570

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…97 The combination of TiB 2 with metal layers has been addressed to accommodate high-stress levels in the ceramic layers with the intention to enhance the ductility and fracture toughness of such composite thin film materials. The relatively few research works available in this specific field cover both pure elemental and alloy layer materials, like Al, 98 Ti, 99,100 Cr, 101 Ni, 102 W, 103 or FeMn. 104 Wang et al 104,105 suggested, for example, a phase transformation of a metastable cubic FeMn phase with f.c.c.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetron sputtered NiAl/TiBx multilayer thin films

Wójcik

Ott

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et al. 2022

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A

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Transition metal diboride-based thin films are currently receiving strong interest in fundamental and applied research. Multilayer thin films based on transition metal diborides are, however, not yet explored in detail. This study presents results on the constitution and microstructure of multilayer thin films composed of TiBx and the intermetallic compound NiAl. Single layer NiAl and TiBx and NiAl/TiBx multilayer thin films with a variation of the individual layer thickness and bilayer period were deposited by D.C. and R.F. magnetron sputtering on silicon substrates. The impact of the operation mode of the sputtering targets on the microstructure of the thin films was investigated by detailed compositional and structural characterization. The NiAl single layer thin films showed an operation mode-dependent growth in a polycrystalline B2 CsCl structure with a cubic lattice with and without preferred orientation. The TiBx single layer thin films exhibited an operation mode independent crystalline structure with a hexagonal lattice and a pronounced (001) texture. These TiBx layers were significantly Ti-deficient and showed B-excess, resulting in stoichiometry in the range TiB2.64–TiB2.72. Both thin film materials were deposited in a regime corresponding with zone 1 or zone T in the structure zone model of Thornton. Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed, however, very homogeneous, dense thin-film microstructures, as well as the existence of dislocation lines in both materials. In the multilayer stacks with various microscale and nanoscale designs, the TiBx layers grew in a similar microstructure with (001) texture, while the NiAl layers were polycrystalline without preferred orientation in microscale design and tended to grow polycrystalline with (211) preferred orientation in nanoscale designs. The dislocation densities at the NiAl/TiBx phase boundaries changed with the multilayer design, suggesting more smooth interfaces for multilayers with microscale design and more disturbed, strained interfaces in multilayers with nanoscale design. In conclusion, the volume fraction of the two-layer materials, their grain size and crystalline structure, and the nature of the interfaces have an impact on the dislocation density and ability to form dislocations in these NiAl/TiBx-based multilayer structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetron sputtered NiAl/TiBx multilayer thin films

Wójcik

Ott

Özbilen

et al. 2022

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A

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“…Manganese is more effective in improving hardenability in solid solution than nickel. Yet, manganese content should not be too high because that would cause undesirable carbides to form [3,4,5]. Since gear wheels are subjected to severe loads, the purpose of their treatment is to increase hardness and wear resistance of their surfaced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into damaged gear of off-road motorcycles

Bublíková¹,

Jirková²,

Rubešová³

et al. 2020

Manufacturing Technology

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If failure occurs in gear wheels in a racer motorcycle gearbox, the possible causes are manifold: inadequate material, improper care (poor lubrication, incorrect assembly) or inadequate thermochemical treatment procedure. This investigation focused on spur wheels of chromium-nickel Czech Standard (ČSN) 16720 steel containing 0.18 % C, 0.4 % Mn, 1.5 % Cr, 4.25 % Ni and 1 % W. The steel had been quenched to 60-62 HRC and the case hardening depth was 0.8 mm. The client requested that these wheels have a life of 100 hours. The failure occurred while the wheels were in operation. The fracture surfaces in the wheels were examined in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The fracture surfaces were prominent in the failure locations. EDS point analysis in the SEM revealed spots with higher chromium levels on the fracture surfaces. The average size of these spots was several dozen micrometres. The spots were suspected to have caused or contributed to the failure. A hardness profile across one tooth was measured using a microhardness tester. In addition, the thickness of the carburized layer was determined. Quality of the surface was assessed using macrophotographs taken with a low-power stereomicroscope. In addition, metallographic sections were prepared and observed in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope.

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Effect of Temperature and Deformation on the Stability of Retained Austenite in Closed-die Forgings from High-strength Martensitic Manganese-silicon Steels

Bublíková¹,

Jirková²,

Stehlík³

et al. 2023

Manufacturing Technology

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In advanced steels, retained austenite is an important phase in the final microstructure, which provides a favourable combination of strength and ductility. Advanced methods capable of achieving this include the Q-P process (Quenching and Partitioning). By this means, strength of around 2000 MPa and elongation of 10-15 % can be obtained. The main factors that determine whether retained austenite remains stable in the martensitic matrix include its morphology, particle size and distribution. A closeddie forging was made from an experimental steel containing 0.42 % C, 2.45 % Mn, 2.09 % Si, 1.34 % Cr and 0.56 % Ni and Q-P processed. Based on previous data measured in a real-world process, two basic heat treatment sequences were created and tested on a thermomechanical simulator. The two sequences differed in the cooling rates. Upon heat treatment, a martensitic microstructure with a retained austenite content of 13-17 % was obtained. The ultimate strength was in the range of 2100-2200 MPa with elongations A5mm 8-15 %. Austenite stability was tested by bringing the material to various temperatures (200, 300, 400, -18, -196 °C) and by cold forming at various strain rates (10 -3 , 10 -1 , 10 s -1 ). The volume fraction of carbon in austenite was calculated from the lattice parameters determined by X-ray diffraction.

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Stability of Ni / TiB2 Coating on CuCrZr Electrodes for Resistance Spot Welding Galvanized Steel Sheet

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Magnetron sputtered NiAl/TiBx multilayer thin films

Magnetron sputtered NiAl/TiBx multilayer thin films

Investigation into damaged gear of off-road motorcycles

Effect of Temperature and Deformation on the Stability of Retained Austenite in Closed-die Forgings from High-strength Martensitic Manganese-silicon Steels

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