The structural arrangements of α-keto acid complexes hold significant interest across various fields of chemistry such as enzyme modeling, drug design, or polymer blending. Herein, we report mass-selective infrared (IR) spectra of pyruvic acid monomers and dimers in the range 1720−1820 cm −1 recorded in helium nanodroplets at 0.37 K. The monomer features IR bands at 1807.1 and 1734.5 cm −1 , which are assigned to the carboxylic and ketonic C�O stretching vibrations, respectively. Furthermore, the pyruvic acid dimers generated inside the helium nanodroplets are characterized by carboxylic and ketonic C�O stretch vibrations appearing at 1799.2 and 1737.0 cm −1 , respectively. This frequency shift of ±7 cm −1 for both C�O stretching bands from the monomer to the dimer demonstrates that the structural motif of the monomer is maintained upon dimer aggregation in helium nanodroplets. The structural assignments were supported by a comparison of the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ-predicted harmonic vibrational spectra at the C�O stretching region with the experiments. The global minimum monomer structure with an intramolecular hydrogen bond and its dimer stabilized by both inter-and intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions reproduce the experimental spectra from the monomer and dimer. This assigned dimer structure lies ca.11 kJ/mol above the corresponding global minimum and is favored in helium nanodroplets due to the long-range realignment of molecules via dipole−dipole interaction, followed by shortrange stabilization upon intermolecular hydrogen bond formation. The barrier for reconfiguration of the precooled monomer conformer leading to the formation of the most stable dimer structure is around 58 kJ/mol, which is infeasible at 0.37 K.