Stability of skyrmion crystal phase in antiferromagnetic triangular lattice with DMI and single-ion anisotropy

Road to zero-field antiferromagnetic skyrmions in a frustrated AFM/FM heterostructure

“…We tested several values of the lattice size and found that larger values of L produced similar results.2 We note that this range of the SkX phase is somewhat overestimated and later studies revealed the presence of another, so-called sublattice-uniform (SU)[13] or V -like (VL)[15] phase, which appears wedged between the SkX and fully polarized FM phases.…”

“…For example, it is estimated that to access the SkX phase in the experimental realization of the present model in the compound Fe/MoS 2 the required magnetic field could be as high as 20 T [16]. Furthermore, the presence of more realistic features, such as strong single-ion anisotropy [15] and impurities [17,18], can lead to the further shrinking of the field range of the SkX phase stability.…”

“…One of the typical mechanisms that can lead to the stabilisation of skyrmions of both Neél and Bloch types is the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) [10,11], which breaks the inversion symmetry in the system. Several studies have focused on the frustrated AFM triangular Heisenberg magnet with the presence of DMI [12][13][14][15][16]. Rosales et al and Osorio et al by means of both Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and low-energy effective action method demonstrated, that the for a moderate strength of the DMI in such model the SkX phase is stabilised in a quite wide temperaturefield range [12,13].…”

“…Rosales et al and Osorio et al by means of both Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and low-energy effective action method demonstrated, that the for a moderate strength of the DMI in such model the SkX phase is stabilised in a quite wide temperaturefield range [12,13]. Following works investigated the evolution of the phase diagram topology of such model with varying DMI strength [14] and the presence of single-ion anisotropy [15,16]. It was shown, that the increase of the DMI as well as the presence of small in-plane and out-of-plane anisotropy can to some extent widen/shrink or shift the SkX phase area both in field and temperature parameter ranges.…”

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“…It is very important, though, to emulate the real materials used in experiments, as closely as possible. Although some studies on the Heisenberg AFM with DMI already attempted to introduce some more realistic features, such as the presence of a single-ion anisotropy, (Fang et al 2021;Mohylna and Žukovič 2022) and quantum effects (Liu et al 2020), the effect of nonmagnetic impurities, very common in real materials, remains to be investigated. In this work we study the influence of nonmagnetic impurities on the stability of the SkX phase in the frustrated classical Heisenberg AFM on a triangular lattice in the presence of the DMI by means of the hybrid Monte Carlo simulations.…”