Stability of Tetracycline in Water and Liquid Manure

Kühne, Michael; D, Ihnen; Möller, Georg; Agthe, O.

doi:10.1046/j.1439-0442.2000.00300.x

Cited by 126 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Because OXY is excreted in faeces and urine also as 4-epimer, [11] and because such epimerisation is facilitated from pH environment around 6 [12], such as that in slurries and organically fertilised soils, the analytical strategy was addressed to transform the residual untransformed OXY in its 4-epimer. This was reached by storing the extracts in aqueous solution for more than 3 days at −20 • C [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytetracycline as environmental contaminant in arable lands

Brambilla

Patrizii

Filippis

et al. 2007

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Oxytetracycline (OXY) is a broad-range antimicrobial routinely used in pig production, at doses in the range of few g/kg of medicated feed, during the weaning period. It could persist at ppm level in pig liquid manure that routinely is used for organic fertilisation. In the present work we describe a methodology to study OXY environmental fate in arable land where crops are cultivated for animal feeding purposes. A liquid-liquid extraction followed by metal chelate affinity chromatography was applied to environmental samples of manures and soils drawn within a case-control study. Extracts were then analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with UV/DAD detection, using a reverse phase column, and expressing the results as 4-epioxytetracycline epimer. Results indicate OXY is well retained at mg kg −1 levels in soil exposed to contaminated pig manure fertilisation. Such compartment could constitute an abiotic reservoir for the systemic and/or for the external contamination of corn.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytetracycline as environmental contaminant in arable lands

Brambilla

Patrizii

Filippis

et al. 2007

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…A continuing problem in animal husbandry is the disposal of manure (8,11,18,20,39). Antibiotic resistance among bacteria in manure is of concern, because these organisms can leak into nearby groundwater.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of a New Ribosomal Protection Type of Tetracycline Resistance Gene, tet (36), from Swine Manure Pits

Whittle

Whitehead

Hamburger

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Previously, only one ribosome protection type of a tetracycline resistance gene, tetQ, had been identified in Bacteroides spp. During an investigation of anaerobic bacteria present in swine feces and manure storage pits, a tetracycline-resistant Bacteroides strain was isolated. Subsequent analysis showed that this new Bacteroides strain, Bacteroides sp. strain 139, did not contain tetQ but contained a previously unidentified tetracycline resistance gene. Sequence analysis showed that the tetracycline resistance gene from Bacteroides sp. strain 139 encoded a protein (designated Tet 36) that defines a new class of ribosome protection types of tetracycline resistance. Tet 36 has 60% amino acid identity over 640 aa to TetQ and between 31 and 49% amino acid identity to the nine other ribosome protection types of tetracycline resistance genes. The tet(36) region was not observed to transfer from Bacteroides sp. strain 139 to another Bacteroides sp. under laboratory conditions. Yet tet(36) was found in other genera of bacteria isolated from the same swine manure pits and from swine feces. Phylogenetic analysis of the tet(36)-containing isolates indicated that tet(36) was present not only in the Cytophaga-Flavobacter-Bacteroides group to which Bacteroides sp. strain 139 belongs but also in gram-positive genera and gram-negative proteobacteria, indicating that horizontal transfer of tet(36) is occurring between these divergent phylogenetic groups in the farm environment.

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“…Ακόμα, στο έδα φος και σε βάθος έως 30cm προσδιορίστηκαν ποσό τητες κτηνιατρικών φαρμάκων που ανέρχονταν σε 330g τετρακυκλίνης, 7g χλωροτετρακυκλίνης, 28g σουλφαμεθαζίνης και 57g σουλφαδιαζίνης ανά εκτά ριο εδάφους (Hamscher et al 2005). Μελετώντας την περιβαλλοντική σταθερότητα ειδικά των τετρακυκλι-νών στο νερό και την υγρή κοπριά διαπιστώθηκε ότι κατά την παραμονή τους κάτω από συνθήκες συνε χούς ανάδευσης με και χωρίς αερισμό για 8 ημέρες, οι συγκεντρώσεις μειώθηκαν σημαντικά με την εφαρ μογή του αερισμού (Kühne et al 2000).…”

Section: περιβάλλον και συγκεντρώσεις φαρμάκωνunclassified

Drugs and environment

Tyrpenou¹

2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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ABSTRACT. Medicines are very important for the treatment and prevention of disease in both humans and animals, but at the same time they may have and several unintended effects with adverse results to the environmental organisms. Although these effects of the drugs on human and animal have been studied and still are investigated from the safety point of view with toxicological studies, the potential environmental impacts of their manufacture and use are not absolutely defined and well understood. That is why during the last years this issue has become of first priority and of increased research concern, although some results of several chemical groups, specifically some anthelminthics and antibiotics, are known. But, there are many other groups of substances that can actively affect the organisms in the environment. This is further complicated by the fact that some pharmaceuticals can show adverse effects on bacteria and animals at concentrations well below of those that are usually used in safety and efficacy experimental tests. In addition, breakdown products, metabolism and the combination of different biologically active compounds may have unanticipated effects on the environment. Although it may be safe to assume that these substances do not harm humans, recent research has started to determine whether and how they affect the organisms in the environment and what this means for environmental health and our health too. Pharmaceuticals have been released into the environment for decades, but researchers have only recently begun to determine their concentration levels in the environment. Using information from different countries they have identified those pharmaceuticals that are most likely to be released into the environment. For example, data from the United Kingdom on annual usage of veterinary drugs was combined with information on administration routes, metabolism and eco toxicity to identify medicines that should be monitored in a national investigation programme. At the same time, similar programmes are performed for human medicines using information on annual usage, therapeutic dose along with predictive models. Although these studies are generally based on country-specific information, they still provide an indication of those substances that should be investigated at the international level. It is of special importance the contribution of the instrumental chemical analysis and the new analytical techniques, like high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS), which have allowed us to develop a better understanding of how medicines behave in the environment as well as to determine their concentrations in several soils, surface waters, groundwaters and elsewhere. Once released into the environment, pharmaceuticals will be transported and distributed to air, water, soil or sediment depending on the influence of different physicochemical characteristics. The degree to which a pharmaceutical is transported into the environment primarilly depends on the sorption behaviou...

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Stability of Tetracycline in Water and Liquid Manure

Cited by 126 publications

References 6 publications

Oxytetracycline as environmental contaminant in arable lands

Oxytetracycline as environmental contaminant in arable lands

Identification of a New Ribosomal Protection Type of Tetracycline Resistance Gene, tet (36), from Swine Manure Pits

Drugs and environment

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