Stability Studies of Nano-Scaled Emulsions Containing Ibuprofen for Topical Delivery.

Abstract

Biphasic systems, like emulsions and nano-scaled emulsions, are naturally unstable. The extent and rate of the destabilization process differ from system to another. The stability of such systems upon storage is an important aspect to ensure their abilities to exert the expected effects and consequently render them pharmaceutically acceptable. In the present study, the stability of the nano-scaled emulsion containing newly synthesized palm oil esters (POEs) was assessed under different storage conditions and over specified durations. Three nanoscaled emulsion formulae were chosen for this investigation. They basically comprised ibuprofen as the active ingredient, triethanolamine aqueous solution pH 7.4 as the external phase, POEs as the oil phase, Tween 80 as an emulsifier, Carbopol ® 940 as the rheology modifier and menthol or limonene as penetration promoters. The evaluation processes were carried out at several temperatures (4, 25 and 40 °C) with factors, such as droplets size, electrical conductivity, drug content, pH and flow properties were relatively held constant. The data collectively showed that all formulations were stable over an observation period of three months.

Physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of natural rubber latex films in the presence of vegetable oil microemulsions

“…This was due to the long hydrocarbon chain length of SBO exerting higher interfacial tension against the aqueous phase, thus leading to high physicochemical stress during the formation of stable microemulsion . The stability of the emulsions was further confirmed by the pH values of 6 to 7 which implied that there was insignificant hydrolysis or ionization of components …”

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“…Six linearity curves were analyzed; each calibration curve consisted of 8 concentrations that were prepared from stock solution over the range of 0.39 -50μg/ml. Peak area was plotted against concentration and the regression lines were calculated by the least-square method 18 .…”

“…The HPLC analysis was performed using Waters ACQUITY UPLC ® system (Waters Corp., MS, USA), equipped with a binary solvent delivery system and autosampler. Ibuprofen was detected using Photodiode Array (PDA) detector at 223 nm 18 . The chromatographic separation was carried out using Phenomenex reversed phase C18 column, Jupiter 5μ C18 with particle size of 5 μm (150 mm x 4.6 mm).…”

“…The filtered and degassed mobile phase comprised of a mixture of acetonitrile and water which was adjusted to pH 2.5 with concentrated orthophosphoric acid at a ratio of 70:30 18 . The analysis involved using isocratic elution at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min.…”

Evaluation of Biosourced Alkyd Nanoemulsions as Drug Carriers

“…Nanoemulsions generally incorporate a surfactant to produce an interfacial film around the dispersed oil droplets causing steric repulsion, preventing coalescence, and thus producing stable nanoemulsions [18]. The stability of nanoemulsions is a key determinant of their utility for pharmaceutical manufacture and is generally dictated by the integrity and density of the stabilizing interfacial film at the droplet surface.…”