Stabilization enhancement of the ball on the plate system (BOPS) based on Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy modeling

Real‐time control design and implementation of ball balancer system based on machine learning and machine vision

“…Servos only consume current when needed which enables them to run much cooler. 7,8 To summarize, high-speed, high-torque applications with dynamic load variations are best suited for servo control systems. Stepper control systems are less expensive and ideal for applications requiring low-to-medium acceleration, high holding torque, and open or closed loop operation flexibility.…”

“…13 The point stability and trajectory tracking concerns are graphically demonstrated in the ball on plate systems. Several studies [6][7][8][9] examine these issues using modeling methods that ignore the system's nonlinear behavior, particularly the relationships between motor and plate angles. The settling time and overshoot of the ball on the plate system (BOPS) are increased when the nonlinear part of the relationship between the ball's angle and the plate's angle is ignored.…”