Stabilization of austenitic stainless steel

Rosenberg, Samuel; Darr, John H.

doi:10.6028/jres.040.024

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…It is a special form of microstructural influenced corrosion, whereby the grain boundary "region" of the alloy is electrochemically different to the bulk or adjacent alloy microstructure [7]. This phenomenon had involve localized corrosion at grain boundaries due to unstable carbide by which it can result in rapid through-wall corrosion and severe compromise of the material's integrity [8]. The carbide formation are not listed in Table 3 as it occurred through the reaction of carbon content.…”

Section: Sem and Edx To Identify The Cracking Boundariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure Analysis on Heat Exchanger Tube Bundle Exposed to Naphthenic Acid Corrosion

Mazlan

Ismail

Noh³

et al. 2018

KEM

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Naphthenic acid is a sort of organic acid which present in crude oil and cause severe corrosion in certain circumstances. This type of acid will lead to the corrosion phenomenon known as naphthenic acid corrosion (NAC). Damage mechanism by NAC attack can be analysed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Electron-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). These characterization methods aim to observe the morphology, element content, and crystal structure of the NAC. The objective of this research is to apply failure analysis (FA) on heat exchanger (HE) tube bundle made form stainless steel 410 (SS410). SEM reveals the inter-granular attack initiate to crack propagation. A particular result of interest is that nickel catalytically decomposes naphthenic acids at high temperatures (e.g. 270°C) via a catalytic mechanism. For XRD testing, the corrosion product have been known and the main causes that lead to the corrosion has been detected which there is a formation of chromium carbide continuously along the pipe tube. However there is also formation of iron sulphide and chromium sulphide obtained in the XRD analysis where both are the reaction element that can retard the formation of NAC. Material selection is the most crucial task to resists from corrosion attack especially in high temperature applications. The mechanism of resistance of these elements provides insight into the failure mode of 304 and 400 series stainless steel in NA service.

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Section: Sem and Edx To Identify The Cracking Boundariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure Analysis on Heat Exchanger Tube Bundle Exposed to Naphthenic Acid Corrosion

Mazlan

Ismail

Noh³

et al. 2018

KEM

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“…Furthermore, these carbides precipitating on grain boundaries reduce the material resistance to intergranular corrosion. In steels of this type, this difficulty is eliminated by stabilization annealing at 845-950 °C [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of holding time at stabilization annealing on properties of 08CH18N10T austenitic stainless steel

Jirková

Janda

Růžička

et al. 2020

METAL 2020 Conference Proeedings

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Titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel 08Ch18N10T is often used in nuclear power facilities due to its favourable properties. Many parts of the primary circuit of VVER 440 and VVER 1000-type nuclear power plants are manufactured of this steel. This means that the material must possess very good corrosion resistance and thermal stability of structure. Yield strength of at least 177 MPa at 350 °C is required. Heat treatment of this steel comprises several important stages which affect the resulting mechanical properties. In particular, the solution and stabilization annealing after forging or rolling are time and energy consuming. Therefore, various ways to optimize these processes are being sought.A combination of solution annealing at 1020 °C for 15 and 30 minutes and stabilization annealing at 720 °C with dwell of 2.5 hours to 15 hours was tested on 08Ch18N10 steel samples. The aim was to establish the effects of stabilization annealing and solution annealing times on mechanical properties. Longer solution annealing has a pronounced effect on the reduction of scatter in mechanical properties. All annealing routes led to yield strengths at 350 °C higher than 200 MPa and tensile strengths of more than 380 MPa.

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“…Rosenberg and Darr (176) summarized the results of an extensive investigation of factors affecting the stabilization of the 18-8 type of stainless steel. The data had been previously available only in a series of progress reports.…”

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confidence: 99%