Stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride). IX. Synergetic effects of polyacrylates with synergetic metal soap on the stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride).

Goto

Higaki

et al. 2001

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

Self Cite

The synergetic effect of dimerized pentaerythritol esters, as novel costabilizer, with metal soap, the mixture of zinc and calcium stearates, as stabilizer, on the undesirable discoloration of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) by heating was investigated. The dimerized pentaerythritol esters were prepared by the esterification of pentaerythritol using stearic acid and the dimerization of the obtained pentaerythritol ester using unsaturated dicarboxylic acid. This dimer was used to improve its poor compatibility with PVC. The degree of esterification for pentaerythritol was varied from half to the full amount of hydroxyl groups. Both stabilizer and costabilizer were compounded into poly(vinyl chloride) through roll mixing. As a result, the dimerized pentaerythritol esters showed good dispersibility in poly(vinyl chloride). The effect of suppressing the discoloration was obtained in the systems used, not only the half‐esterified type but also the full‐esterified type, although it had no hydroxyl group. The abrupt discoloration was caused by the formation of a π complex between cool color producing metal chloride, i.e., zinc chloride from the metal soap and double bonds from the dehydrochlorination in poly(vinyl chloride) chain. Usually, the hydroxyl group containing compounds are said to be useful for suppressing the discoloration because the hydroxyl group captures the metal chloride. In the costabilizing effect of the full esterified type, it was clarified from the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis and infrared spectrum observations for the model mixtures, that the decomposition of the ester group could occur, and the excess zinc chloride was captured as colorless zinc carboxylate. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 2029–2037, 2001

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergetic effect of dimerized pentaerythritol esters with synergetic metal soap on the stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride)

Goto

Higaki

et al. 2001

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

Self Cite

“…In order to delay the appearance of zinc burning, a co-stabilizer is also used together with the synergetic metal soap. The compound used as co-stabilizer should contain a group which reacts with the cool colour-producing metal chloride [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . Some researchers 13,14 have reported that oxygencontaining compounds have a good stabilization effect, slowing down the dehydrochlorination of PVC.…”

Section: Dispersibility Of Macromolecular Polyols As Co-stabilizer Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersibility of Macromolecular Polyols as Co-Stabilizer in Poly(vinyl Chloride) and their Stabilization Effect Combined with Synergetic Metal Soap

Polymers and Polymer Composites

Ishikawa

Nakamura

et al. 2003

Self Cite

In order to delay the undesirable discoloration of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) by heating, the synergetic effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as co-stabilizer with a mixture of zinc and calcium stearates was clarified. Usually, the abrupt discoloration was caused by the formation of a π-complex between the cool colour-producing metal chloride, i.e. the zinc chloride from the metal soap, and double bonds from the dehydrochlorination of the PVC chain. Firstly, the effect of using various PVA having different degrees of polymerization before melt blending with PVC was investigated. When the PVA and PVC were pre-mixed in the powder state, the compound obtained showed a lower stabilization effect on the discoloration of PVC. On the other hand, when a PVA aqueous solution was prepared and the PVC powder was added to the PVA solution, and dried, the resulting compound showed an excellent stabilization effect. Secondly, the dispersed PVA domain size in the PVC sheets was measured quantitatively by image processing analysis, using the optical micrographs of the sheets. As a result, it was found that there was a good relationship between the dispersibility of PVA and its stabilization effect. That is, the co-stabilizing effect of PVA increased with a decrease in the domain size. This fact was also confirmed by using different polyols as co-stabilizer.

“…The costabilization mechanism of DPEE-full was in good accordance with that of polyacrylates. 17 There was no costabilizing effect in the PVC combined with PEE and Zn/Ca(2/1)-st 15,16 ; therefore, the decomposition of the ester group in PEE was subject to occur with an increase in its molecular weight, by the dimerization with the fatty acid. Marked differences between PEE and DPEE-full, as to their costabilization effect, were due to the ease with which the ester groups of the dimerized part in DPEE-full seemed to be decomposed by ZnCl 2 .…”

Section: Synergetic Mechanism Of Dpeementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marked differences between PEE and DPEE-full, as to their costabilization effect, were due to the ease with which the ester groups of the dimerized part in DPEE-full seemed to be decomposed by ZnCl 2 . 17…”

Section: Synergetic Mechanism Of Dpeementioning

confidence: 99%

Synergetic effect of dimerized pentaerythritol esters with synergetic metal soap on the stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride)

Goto

Higaki

et al. 2001

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

Self Cite

The synergetic effect of dimerized pentaerythritol esters, as novel costabilizer, with metal soap, the mixture of zinc and calcium stearates, as stabilizer, on the undesirable discoloration of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) by heating was investigated. The dimerized pentaerythritol esters were prepared by the esterification of pentaerythritol using stearic acid and the dimerization of the obtained pentaerythritol ester using unsaturated dicarboxylic acid. This dimer was used to improve its poor compatibility with PVC. The degree of esterification for pentaerythritol was varied from half to the full amount of hydroxyl groups. Both stabilizer and costabilizer were compounded into poly(vinyl chloride) through roll mixing. As a result, the dimerized pentaerythritol esters showed good dispersibility in poly(vinyl chloride). The effect of suppressing the discoloration was obtained in the systems used, not only the half-esterified type but also the full-esterified type, although it had no hydroxyl group. The abrupt discoloration was caused by the formation of a complex between cool color producing metal chloride, i.e., zinc chloride from the metal soap and double bonds from the dehydrochlorination in poly(vinyl chloride) chain. Usually, the hydroxyl group containing compounds are said to be useful for suppressing the discoloration because the hydroxyl group captures the metal chloride. In the costabilizing effect of the full esterified type, it was clarified from the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis and infrared spectrum observations for the model mixtures, that the decomposition of the ester group could occur, and the excess zinc chloride was captured as colorless zinc carboxylate.