Stabilization of polyvinyl chloride with phosphorus-containing compounds

Минскер, К. С.; Kirpichnikov, P. A.; Kolyubakina, N.S.; Benderskii, I.L.; Fedoseyeva, G.T.; Mukmeneva, N. A.; Verizhnikov, L. V.

doi:10.1016/0032-3950(68)90267-0

Polymer Science U.S.S.R.

1968

DOI: 10.1016/0032-3950(68)90267-0

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Stabilization of polyvinyl chloride with phosphorus-containing compounds

К. С. Минскер

P. A. Kirpichnikov

N.S. Kolyubakina

et al.

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1971

1980

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Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

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An investigation of mechanisms of synergistic interactions in PVC stabilization

Briggs¹,

Wood²

1971

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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synopsisSynergism in poly(viny1 chloride) stabilization has been studied by measuring rates of hydrogen chloride evolution from samples of polymer in the presence of stabilizers in di-(a-ethylhexyl) phthalate solution in an inert atmosphere. Barium, cadmium, calcium, and zinc laurates, when used alone, allow escape of hydrogen chloride well before stoichiometric uptake is achieved, whereas synergistic mixtures of calcium-zinc and barium-cadmium laurates absorb almost the theoretical quantity of hydrogen chloride. Cadmium and zinc laurates replace labile chlorine atoms in the polymer backbone by ester groups, reducing formation of long polyene sequences: barium and calcium laurates delay the formation of cadmium and zinc chlorides, apparently by reconverting them into their respective laurates. Polyols function by forming complexes with the prodegradant cadmium and zinc chlorides, but contrary to popular belief phosphites possess little activity in this respect. Instead, they slow down the rate of polymer degradation by removal of labile chlorine atoms, by reaction with hydrogen chloride, and by peroxide decomposition.

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An investigation of mechanisms of synergistic interactions in PVC stabilization

Briggs¹,

Wood²

1971

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The thermal dehydrochlorination and stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride)

Ayrey

Head

Poller

1974

J. Polym. Sci. Macromol. Rev.

127

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Heat stabilizers for poly (vinyl chloride). I. Synergistic systems based on calcium/zinc stearate

Abbås

Sörvik

1980

J. Vinyl Addit. Technol.

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Synergism in poly(vinyl chloride) stabilization was studied by the determination of the dynamic and static stability of 34 different formulations. Nine ratios of Ca/Zn stearate were tested. Both the static and the dynamic stability increased almost linearly with the calcium stearate content, but unfortunately the initial discoloration increased as well. Melt viscosity decreased with an increasing content of calcium stearate. This was mainly caused by the difference in lubrication effect between calcium stearate and zinc stearate. Several co‐stabilizers (synergists) for the Ca/Zn system were also evaluated. Among these, polyols were found to be the most effective. The addition of Polyol T 34, which was prepared through a coprecipitation of trimethylol propane and pentaerythritol, resulted in excellent initial color and improved transparency. Trimethylol propane and di‐trimethylol propane were also powerful in this respect. The best static stability was observed for compounds containing mannitol and sorbitol, although these formulations were slightly discolored. Pentaerythritol and di‐pentaerythritol were very effective in extending the static stability, but they were not useful for the improvement of initial color. Well‐known complexing agents like EDTA and dimethylglyoxime were surprisingly ineffective as synergists. The addition of tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite resulted in a somewhat higher thermal stability, but not in any significant color improvement.

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Stabilization of polyvinyl chloride with phosphorus-containing compounds

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

An investigation of mechanisms of synergistic interactions in PVC stabilization

An investigation of mechanisms of synergistic interactions in PVC stabilization

The thermal dehydrochlorination and stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride)

Heat stabilizers for poly (vinyl chloride). I. Synergistic systems based on calcium/zinc stearate

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