Stabilization of uric acid mixed crystals by melamine

Ezell, Madison; Shin, Samuel; Chen, Yuyan; Ly, Khanh L.; Maddi, Leron; Raub, Christopher B.; Bandyopadhyay, Bidhan C.

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2023.127134

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Briefly, equal amounts of AR dye (pH 4.3) were added to sample solutions containing preformed CaP crystals, and the samples were incubated for 30 min at 37 °C for examination under high resolution light microscopy. Using ImageJ (version 1.37; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA), stained pictures were measured in line with our previously published study [ 29 ]. Stained crystal sizes were measured and quantified as “crystal index” using ImageJ as described [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using ImageJ (version 1.37; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA), stained pictures were measured in line with our previously published study [ 29 ]. Stained crystal sizes were measured and quantified as “crystal index” using ImageJ as described [ 29 , 30 ]. The freehand tool was used to create irregularly shaped selections in ImageJ to trace the crystals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The freehand tool was used to create irregularly shaped selections in ImageJ to trace the crystals. Particle sizes of less than 10 μm were excluded from the overall crystal size average [ 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Titanium Dioxide Promotes the Growth and Aggregation of Calcium Phosphate and Monosodium Urate Mixed Crystals

Ukaeje,

Bandyopadhyay

2023

Crystals

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The increased utilization of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (TNPs) in various industrial and consumer products has raised concerns regarding its harmful effect due to its accumulation within the different systems of the human body. Here, we focused on the influence of TNPs on the growth and aggregation of two crucial crystalline substances, calcium phosphate (CaP) and monosodium urate (MSU), particularly its implications in gout disease. In this study, we adopted microscopic techniques and generated kinetic models to examine the interactions between TNPs, CaP and MSU, and crystallization, under controlled laboratory conditions. Our findings reveal that TNPs not only facilitate the growth of these crystals but also promote their co-aggregations. Crystal dissolution kinetics also exhibit that an increase in TNPs concentration corresponds to a reduction in the dissolution rate of CaP and MSU crystals in presence of the dissoluting agent hydroxycitrate (Hcit). These observations suggest that TNPs can stabilize CaP+MSU mixed crystals, which underscores the significance of TNPs’ exposure in the pathogenesis of gout disease.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Titanium Dioxide Promotes the Growth and Aggregation of Calcium Phosphate and Monosodium Urate Mixed Crystals

Ukaeje,

Bandyopadhyay

2023

Crystals

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“…Although MSUM crystals are strongly birefringent, CPPD crystals are poorly birefringent 5 , 6 . There are some reports mentioned that a relatively higher birefringence was found due to co-aggregation or contamination of other crystals 7 , 8 . Therefore, it would be problematic to determine type of crystal present in synovial fluid examination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved polarized light microscopic detection of gouty crystals via dissolution with formalin and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid

Hemstapat,

Duangiad,

Tangketsarawan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Conventional polarized light microscopy has been widely used to detect gouty crystals, but its limited sensitivity increases the risk of misidentification. In this study, a number of methods were investigated to improve the sensitivity of polarized light microscopy for the detection of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals. We found that coating glass slides with poly-L-lysine, a positively charged polymer, improved the attachment of crystals to the glass surface, resulting in clearer crystal images compared to non-coated slides. Additionally, the sensitivity of detection was further enhanced by selective dissolution, in which 40% v/v formalin phosphate buffer was employed to dissolve MSUM crystals but not CPPD while 10% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) was employed to dissolved CPPD but not MSUM. The other possible interferences were dissolved in both EDTA and formalin solution. These methods were successfully applied to detect gouty crystals in biological milieu, including spiked porcine synovial fluid and inflamed rat subcutaneous air pouch tissues.

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“…Physiologically, only 10% of uric acid is excreted in urine, so it is not fully considered a disposal metabolic product . Clinically, uric acid is associated with a great number of pathologies. − It is seen as a physiological antioxidant in the extracellular environment while at the intracellular level it always acts as an oxidant . Therefore, this compound presents a kind of paradoxical duality of its functionality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiempirical Approach to the Fukui Function Analysis of Uric Acid under Different pH Conditions

Fontanini,

Flores-Moreno,

Zúñiga-Gutiérrez

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Chem. A

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Stabilization of uric acid mixed crystals by melamine

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Titanium Dioxide Promotes the Growth and Aggregation of Calcium Phosphate and Monosodium Urate Mixed Crystals

Titanium Dioxide Promotes the Growth and Aggregation of Calcium Phosphate and Monosodium Urate Mixed Crystals

Improved polarized light microscopic detection of gouty crystals via dissolution with formalin and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid

Semiempirical Approach to the Fukui Function Analysis of Uric Acid under Different pH Conditions

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