Stabilization/solidification of galvanic sludges by asphalt emulsions

Sulfidation of zinc plating sludge with Na2S for zinc resource recovery

“…The plating sludge containing various metal compounds is dehydrated [10], and then solidified with a stable binder in order to prevent the heavy metals from dissolving in the landfill sites [11]. As solidification binder, cement, lime, fly ash [12][13][14] or asphalt emulsion is usually employed [15]. [16].…”

Stabilization/solidification of munition destruction waste by asphalt emulsion

“…However, the technique of secondary barrier formation can be used to prevent pollutant leaching from the partially stabilized/solidified waste in these cases. In the practice, the secondary barrier can be formed by construction of an asphalted disposal site in the landfill [3,4].…”

“…Solid wastes of different structure and composition can be treated by asphalt emulsions [2]. Even wet waste [3] or sludge after solidification [4] can also be treated by this technique. The facts that asphalt emulsions are produced in a large-scale for road construction, techniques of asphalt cement processing are commonly used and devices for processing of this material are widely available, are also very significant for implementation of this S/S technique in practice.…”

“…They concluded that the CAEC possesses most of the characteristics and advantages of both cement and asphalt. Asphalt emulsions were also used for S/S of wastes containing heavy metals [3,9]. In these both papers, a technique of secondary asphalt barrier was used to prevent leaching of pollutants.…”

Manganese waste mud immobilization in cement – natural zeolite – lime blend: Process optimization using artificial neural networks and multi‐criteria functions

“…This approach involves the mixing of hazardous waste with a binder accompanied with certain additive (usually natural adsorbent), converting the waste into a product that is environmentally acceptable for land disposal or construction use [18]. Although many different binders are applied for S/S matrix [15,[19][20][21][22], one of the most ordinary used is portland cement [23]. The selection of an additive that might result with more efficient manganese immobilization is also an essential issue.…”