Stabilizing agents assisted construction of monometallic self-supporting Palladium NCs with ultrafine nanostructures and rich surface area for highly efficient direct ethanol fuel cell

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes embedded with nitrogen-doped carbon black anchoring Pd nanocrystals to boost ethanol electrooxidation

“…On account of the fact that the coulombic charge consumed during PdO reduction is proportional to the electrochemically active surface areas (ECSAs), the ECSA can be calculated by the integrated charge associated with the reduction of PdO and the mass of Pd loaded on the electrode. 30 The ECSAs of Pd/NCB, Pd/NCNTs, Pd/NCB@NCNTs-1, Pd/NCB@NCNTs-2, Pd/NCB@NCNTs-3 and Pd/C were determined to be 29.8, 30.3, 34.5 40.4, 33.4 and 21.2 m 2 g −1 , respectively (Fig. 6B and Table S4 †).…”