Stabilizing Distressed Foundations on Permafrost

McFadden, Terry T.

doi:10.1061/9780784407202.ch13

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Insulation is applied on top of the soil, and a crawl space is included to reduce the soil temperature and prevent thawing. [16]).…”

Section: Spread Footingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Foundations in Permafrost of Northern Canada: Review of Geotechnical Considerations in Current Practice and Design Examples

Dourado,

Deng,

Chen

et al. 2024

Geotechnics

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In northern Canada where permafrost is prevalent, a persistent shortage of accessible, affordable, and high-quality housing has been ongoing for decades. The design of foundations in permafrost presents unique engineering challenges due to permafrost soil mechanics and the effects of climate change. There is no specific design code for pile or shallow foundations in northern Canada. Consequently, the design process heavily relies on the experience of Arctic engineers. To clearly document the current practice and provide guidance to engineers or professionals, a comprehensive review of the practice in foundation design in the Arctic would be necessary. The main objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the common foundations in permafrost and the geotechnical considerations adopted for building on frozen soils. This study conducted a review of current practices in deep and shallow foundations used in northern Canada. The review summarized the current methods for estimating key factors, including the adfreeze strength, creep settlement, and frost heave, used in foundation design in permafrost. To understand the geotechnical considerations in foundation design, this study carried out interviews with several engineers or professionals experienced in designing foundations in permafrost; the findings and the interviewees’ opinions were summarized. Lastly, in order to demonstrate the design methods obtained from the interviews and review, the paper presents two design examples where screw piles and steel pipe piles were designed to support a residential building in northern Canada, according to the current principles for adfreeze strength, long term creep settlement, and frost heave. The permafrost was assumed to be at −1.5 °C, and the design life span was assumed to be 50 years. The design examples suggested that for an axial load of 75 kN, a 12-m-long steel pipe pile or a 7-m-long screw pile would be needed.

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“…Insulation is applied on top of the soil, and a crawl space is included to reduce the soil temperature and prevent thawing. [16]).…”

Section: Spread Footingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that insulation was also placed on top of the footing to ensure thermal stability. [16]).…”

Section: Spread Footingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foundations in Permafrost of Northern Canada: Review of Geotechnical Considerations in Current Practice and Design Examples

Dourado,

Deng,

Chen

et al. 2024

Geotechnics

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“…To date, several hundred scientific papers have been published on natural circulating GCHE, discussing various subjects ranging from design methodologies and applications to detailed heat transfer models. An interesting classification of the naturally circulating GCHE devices is proposed herein, based on the work of [9,10]. As depicted in Figure 1, four major classes are identified:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-Coupled Natural Circulating Devices (Thermosiphons): A Review of Modeling, Experimental and Development Studies

et al. 2019

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Compared to conventional ground heat exchangers that require a separate pump or othermechanical devices to circulate the heat transfer fluid, ground coupled thermosiphons or naturallycirculating ground heat exchangers do not require additional equipment for fluid circulation in theloop. This might lead to a better overall efficiency and much simpler operation. This paper providesa review of the current published literature on the different types of existing ground coupledthermosiphons for use in applications requiring moderate and low temperatures. Effort has beenfocused on their classification according to type, configurations, major designs, and chronologicalyear of apparition. Important technological findings and characteristics are provided in summarytables. Advances are identified in terms of the latest device developments and innovative conceptsof thermosiphon technology used for the heat transfer to and from the soil. Applications arepresented in a novel, well-defined classification in which major ground coupled thermosiphonapplications are categorized in terms of medium and low temperature technologies. Finally,performance evaluation is meticulously discussed in terms of modeling, simulations, parametric,and experimental studies.

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“…Several active cooling measures such as below-floor forced air ducts or passive cooling via thermosiphons are commonly used to maintain frozen condition. Open convective airflow technique which allows cold air to flow under the building may be used as an active cooling method example (McFadden, 2001). Thermosiphons are closed pressure vessels (pipes) in which a two-phase fluid (liquid and gas) is placed.…”

Section: Current Foundation Design Methods In Permafrost Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inclined thermosyphon installations occur at a minimum angle of approximately 3°C to 5°C relative to the horizontal which allows condensate functions and enclosed gas to work properly (Holubec, 2008). The "thermosiphon" term, is converted to "thermopile" when they are installed as a load bearing structural members (McFadden, 2001).…”

Section: Thermal Syphonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Pile-Soil Adfreeze Strength in Warming Permafrost

Zadeh¹

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Pile foundations are commonly used in permafrost area as load carrying elements for wide range of infrastructure systems mainly due to their high load carrying capacity in frozen soils. These foundations, however, are prone to loss of bearing capacity and increased displacements resulted from warm temperature in permafrost regions. In this thesis, a research program aimed at developing a new retrofitting technique for enhancing bearing capacity of steel pile foundations in warming permafrost area is presented. The main goal was to refreeze the thawed soils surrounding pile foundations in permafrost regions and develop adfreeze bond at the pile-soil interface level.In the proposed refrigeration technique, a low temperature freezing liquid (Antifreeze) is circulated into steel pile tubes to examine the possibility of reducing temperature of the pile and its surrounding soil, ideally induce freezing of the pile-soil interface, and enhance the bearing capacity of pile foundations in endangered warming permafrost regions.A model pile load test setup was developed using steel pipe piles embedded in cohesionless ice-poor soils to examine the possibility of adfreeze bond formation induced by circulation of freezing liquid in the pile. The experimental results showed that local freezing is capable of decreasing temperature in the pile surrounding soil and developing adfreeze bond at the pile-soil interface. The pile shaft capacity significantly increased up to twice its initial shaft strength when the pile was exposed to circulation of antifreeze liquid for only 25 min. A finite element model was also developed using ABAQUS software and calibrated by the test results to investigate the effect of controlling parameters including pile diameter, thermal loads, and liquid circulation period on load carrying capacity of the piles. Dedicated to my dear parents and my lovely wifeI would like to express my respect and gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Mohammad Rayhani. His dedication, understanding, patience, and sympathy added considerably to my personal and professional attitudes. I appreciate his vast knowledge and skills in many areas and his outstanding inputs to this research and thesis, which made my graduate study possible. I would like to thank my thesis examination committee, Professor Mehdi Pouragha and Professor Mamadou Fall for taking the time reviewing and examining this dissertation. Moreover, I would like thank to my colleagues and friends Amirhossein Tabatabaei, Oday Al-Heetimi, and Abdulghader Abdulrahman for their invaluable help and support through my research program. Special thanks go to our Civil Engineering laboratory technicians including Jason Arnott, Pierre Trudel, Kenneth Akhiwumy, and Ramy Saadeldin whom their laboratory support and inputs to this research cannot be denied. I would like my family and specially my father to know how much I appreciate them for their support and persuasion, and for encouraging me to continue my studies. Last, but not least, I would like to thank my wife "Anahita" for...

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Stabilizing Distressed Foundations on Permafrost

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Foundations in Permafrost of Northern Canada: Review of Geotechnical Considerations in Current Practice and Design Examples

Foundations in Permafrost of Northern Canada: Review of Geotechnical Considerations in Current Practice and Design Examples

Ground-Coupled Natural Circulating Devices (Thermosiphons): A Review of Modeling, Experimental and Development Studies

Enhancement of Pile-Soil Adfreeze Strength in Warming Permafrost

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