Stabilizing high-humidity perovskite solar cells with MoS2 hybrid HTL

Abstract

The obstacle to the industrialization of perovskite solar cells (PSC) technology lies in their stability. This work rationalizes the PSC design with the employment of 2D-MoS2 as the hybrid hole transport layer (HTL). MoS2 was selected due to its unique optoelectronic and mechanical properties that could enhance hole extraction and thus boost the performance and stability of PSC devices. Five concentrations indicated MoS2 nanosheets were directly deposited onto the perovskite layer via the facile spin coating method. The electrochemical exfoliation and liquid exchange methods were demonstrated to obtain the lateral size of MoS2 nanosheets and further discussed their microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations. Remarkably, the optimum thickness and the excellent device increased the stability of the PSC, allowing it to maintain 45% of its degradation percentage ($$\frac{\Delta PCE}{PCE}$$ Δ P C E PCE ) for 120 h with high relative humidity (RH = 40–50%) in its vicinity. We observed that lithium-ion can intercalate into the layered MoS2 structure and reduce the interfacial resistance of perovskite and the HTL. Most importantly, the 2D-MoS2 mechanism’s effect on enabling stable and efficient devices by reducing lithium-ion migration in the HTL is demonstrated in this work to validate the great potential of this hybrid structure in PSC applications.

Influence of graphene dispersion on the photovoltaic performance of tandem solar cells with four-terminal perovskite–polycrystalline silicon configuration

“…For instance, 0 is the reference cell, and 1 means 1 mg ml −1 graphene deposited. The active cell area was 0.07 cm 2 [17,32,33].…”

“…The degradation rate of perovskite top cells can affect the overall tandem module degradation and consequently reduce the module's lifetime energy and cost-effectiveness. Several methods, such as encapsulation [12,13], interfacial engineering [14][15][16][17] and chemical passivation [18,19], are used to improve the long-term stability of sensitive perovskite top cells.…”

The Key Role of Hole Transport Layer in Boosting Performance of Two‐Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Numerous researchers have explored various hole transport materials (HTMs) in PSCs, the challenge lies in balancing the high conductivity of organic HTMs with their cost, addressing the inherent low conductivity of inorganic HTMs, and maintaining their low cost and chemical stability. [ 12 ] The HTMs can be roughly divided into organic HTMs, inorganic HTMs, [ 13 ] and other new HTMs such as carbon derivatives, [ 14 ] poly (bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl) amine) (PTAA), poly(3, 4‐ ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), 2,2′,7,7′‐ tetrakis (N, N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenyl‐amine) 9, 9′‐spirobifluorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD), poly (3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) (P3HT), NiO X , CuSCN, CuI, Cu 2 O, MoS, [ 15 ] and so on. The energy levels of these HTMs and other commonly used materials in PSCs are shown in Figure .…”