Stabilizing metal nanoparticles for heterogeneous catalysis

Cao, Amin; Lu, Rongwen; Veser, Götz

doi:10.1039/c0cp00729c

Cited by 371 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…The design and synthesis of catalysts with enhanced stability requires a fundamental understanding of the factors governing metal particle growth [25,26,27,28]. The influence of catalyst composition and structure on metal particle growth has been previously studied for several systems [29,30,31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between pore size and nanoparticle spatial distribution: Consequences for the stability of CuZn/SiO2 methanol synthesis catalysts

Prieto

Meeldijk

Jong

et al. 2013

Journal of Catalysis

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Particle growth is a major deactivation mechanism for supported metal catalysts. This study reveals that the impact of pore size on catalyst stability is very sensitive to the nanoscale metal distribution. A set of ex-nitrate CuZn/SiO 2 catalysts was synthesised using SiO 2 -gel supports (pore size 5-23 nm). The catalyst compositions were adjusted to attain series of catalysts with either constant pore volumetric (1.6 Cu nm -3 ) or surface (2.0 Cu nm -2 ) overall metal loading. The procedures of thermal decomposition of the metal nitrate precursors were adjusted to achieve < 10 nm Cu particles displaying markedly different nanospatial distributions, i.e either gathered in high-metaldensity domains with small interparticle spacings or evenly distributed over the support with maximum interparticle spacings. Under industrially relevant methanol synthesis conditions, a strong increase of the deactivation rate with the support pore size is observed for catalysts with high-density domains of Cu particles. For these samples the local, nanoscale Cu surface loading is determined by pore size rather than by the overall metal content, as ascertained by HAADF-STEM/EDX.Conversely, Cu nanoparticles evenly spaced on the surface of the SiO 2 carrier show improved stability, being the deactivation rate chiefly independent of the support pore size. The differences in catalyst stability are ascribed to the dominance of different particle growth mechanisms. Our study highlights the significance of local, nanoscale properties for rationalizing the relevance of structural parameters such as pore size for catalyst stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between pore size and nanoparticle spatial distribution: Consequences for the stability of CuZn/SiO2 methanol synthesis catalysts

Prieto

Meeldijk

Jong

et al. 2013

Journal of Catalysis

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“…However, one problem generally encountered with these catalysts is the relatively weak metal-support interaction, which may lead to the sintering of gold nanoparticles at elevated temperatures. Therefore, several strategies have been implemented to construct gold 2 Indian Journal of Materials Science catalysts with diversified local structures and better catalytic performance [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Supported Gold Catalysts for Oxidation of Noxious Environmental Pollutant CO

Saikia

Miah

Malakar

et al. 2015

Indian Journal of Materials Science

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Noble metal nanomaterials have attracted mounting research attention for applications in diverse fields of catalysis, biology, and nanotechnology. In the present study, we have undertaken a detailed investigation on synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity studies for CO oxidation by nanogold catalysts supported over CeO 2 and CeO 2 -ZrO 2 (1 : 1 mole ratio). The support systems were prepared by modified, simple precipitation technique and the Au supported samples were synthesized using depositionprecipitation with urea method. The physicochemical characterization was performed by XRD, ICP-AES, BET surface area, FT-IR, UV-Vis DRS, Raman Spectroscopy, TEM, and XPS techniques. Au/CeO 2 catalyst showed more than 80% CO conversions at 30 ∘ C, whereas Au/CeO 2 -ZrO 2 exhibited ∼100% CO conversion at that temperature. The catalytic performance of Au catalysts is highly dependent on the nature of the support.

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“…Such behavior would not be expected for a high density of particles deposited on a at oxide surface, despite what is believed to be the inherent stabilizing effect of ceria as a support for catalytic nanoparticles. 22 For example, Rh nanoparticles deposited on at, dense ceria lms with an interparticle spacing of 6 nm show a 50% increase in particle diameter (from 23 to 33 nm) upon exposure to electrochemical perturbations under humidied H 2 at temperatures of 500-650 C over a period of just 24 h.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust nanostructures with exceptionally high electrochemical reaction activity for high temperature fuel cell electrodes

Jung

Choi

et al. 2014

Energy Environ. Sci.

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Metal nanoparticles are of significant importance for chemical and electrochemical transformations due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and possible unique catalytic properties. However, the poor thermal stability of nano-sized particles typically limits their use to low temperature conditions (<500 C).Furthermore, for electrocatalytic applications they must be placed in simultaneous contact with percolating ionic and electronic current transport pathways. Broader contextSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) provide unparalleled fuel-to-electric conversion efficiency across power scales, from a few milliwatts to hundreds of megawatts. A key barrier to widespread SOFC deployment has been high cost, in part attributable to the high temperature of operation, typically in the 800-1000 C range.Lower temperature operation, in turn, has been hindered by poor electrocatalysis rates. Here we demonstrate SOFC anodes with unprecedented activity for both hydrogen and methane electro-oxidation at 600 C. The innovation lies in the use of nanostructured ceria in combination with ultra-low loadings (11 mg cm À2 ) of catalytic metals: Pt, Pd, Ni or Co. Despite the nanoscale features, the activity experiences negligible degradation over a continuous measurement period of 120 h. This work sets the stage for the adoption of high efficiency SOFCs for the cost-effective utilization of natural gas in electric power generation.

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Stabilizing metal nanoparticles for heterogeneous catalysis

Cited by 371 publications

References 132 publications

Interplay between pore size and nanoparticle spatial distribution: Consequences for the stability of CuZn/SiO2 methanol synthesis catalysts

Interplay between pore size and nanoparticle spatial distribution: Consequences for the stability of CuZn/SiO2 methanol synthesis catalysts

Enhanced Catalytic Activity of Supported Gold Catalysts for Oxidation of Noxious Environmental Pollutant CO

Robust nanostructures with exceptionally high electrochemical reaction activity for high temperature fuel cell electrodes

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