Stable adiabatic quantum batteries

Santos, Alan C.; Çakmak, Barış; Campbell, Steve; Zinner, N. T.

doi:10.1103/physreve.100.032107

Cited by 157 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…This setup presents a number of benefits, not simultaneously met in any other battery-charger setup, such as no need of fine control over the preparation of the charged state and no necessity to exert any effort to maintain the battery in that state. Indeed, the existing setups either require isolating the system or engineering a 033413-9 special system-bath evolution [9,11,12] or maintaining fragile internal symmetries [13,14] or active external stabilization [16] to preserve the charged state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…II and Appendix B), our device offers two main advantages: (i) the creation of the battery's charged state requires no fine external control and, since thermalization is the process preparing that state, is robust against minor variations of the system-bath interaction; (ii) it costs nothing to maintain the charged state for as long as might be needed-it is the stationary state of system-bath interaction. These advantages are not simultaneously met in other battery designs which either require finely tuned external fields to perform unitary charging operations on the depleted state of the battery and assume that the battery is isolated after it is charged [11,12]; or require system-bath interaction engineering [9]; or, to prevent the battery from leaking the charge, either rely on fragile symmetries of the system-bath interaction [13,14] or actively manipulate the battery [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Charging assisted by thermalization

Hovhannisyan

Barra

Imparato

2020

Phys. Rev. Research

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A system in thermal equilibrium with a bath will generally be in an athermal state, if the system-bath coupling is strong. In some cases, it will be possible to extract work from that athermal state, after disconnecting the system from the bath. We use this observation to devise a battery charging and storing unit, simply consisting of a system, acting as the battery, and a bath. The charging cycle-connect, let thermalize, disconnect, extract work-requires very little external control and the charged state of the battery, being a part of global thermal equilibrium, can be maintained indefinitely and for free. The efficiency, defined as the ratio of the extractable work stored in the battery and the total work spent on connecting and disconnecting, is always 1, which is a manifestation of the second law of thermodynamics. Moreover, coupling, being a resource for the device, is also a source of dissipation: the entropy production per charging cycle is always significant, strongly limiting the efficiency in all coupling strength regimes. We show that our general results also hold for generic microcanonical baths. We illustrate our theory on the Caldeira-Leggett model with a harmonic oscillator (the battery) coupled to a harmonic bath, for which we derive general asymptotic formulas in both weak and ultrastrong coupling regimes, for arbitrary Ohmic spectral densities. We show that the efficiency can be increased by connecting several copies of the battery to the bath. Finally, as a side result, we derive a general formula for Gaussian ergotropy, that is, the maximal work extractable by Gaussian unitary operations from Gaussian states of multipartite continuousvariable systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charging assisted by thermalization

Hovhannisyan

Barra

Imparato

2020

Phys. Rev. Research

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“…However, the coupling between the charger and its external power supply necessarily introduces noise, which limits the charging process [36]. Recent proposals have shown how to mitigate the effect of environmental noise via measurements [37] or dark states [38,39], while other authors have instead suggested to harness noise as a charging mechanism [40][41][42][43][44][45]. These approaches are notable due to their stability, meaning that the battery's charge tends to a stationary value instead of oscillating over time [38,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charging a quantum battery with linear feedback control

Mitchison

Goold

Prior

2021

Quantum

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Energy storage is a basic physical process with many applications. When considering this task at the quantum scale, it becomes important to optimise the non-equilibrium dynamics of energy transfer to the storage device or battery. Here, we tackle this problem using the methods of quantum feedback control. Specifically, we study the deposition of energy into a quantum battery via an auxiliary charger. The latter is a driven-dissipative two-level system subjected to a homodyne measurement whose output signal is fed back linearly into the driving field amplitude. We explore two different control strategies, aiming to stabilise either populations or quantum coherences in the state of the charger. In both cases, linear feedback is shown to counteract the randomising influence of environmental noise and allow for stable and effective battery charging. We analyse the effect of realistic control imprecisions, demonstrating that this good performance survives inefficient measurements and small feedback delays. Our results highlight the potential of continuous feedback for the control of energetic quantities in the quantum regime.

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“…In this framework, quantum batteries (QBs) have been introduced [15,16] as small quantum systems able to temporarily store energy, to be used at a later stage. Different figures of merit, such as the charging time, the associated power, and the amount of JHEP11(2020)067 extractable work, have been analyzed [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and bounds on their performances have been inspected, depending on the precise charging protocols [24][25][26][27][28]. These usually rely on an external charger, interacting with one or more cells of the QB [21,22,29], or on unitary (local or global) evolution of the closed system in a nonequilibrium setting, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, after an initial growth, the average energy stored in a QB during the charging protocol inevitably undergoes fluctuations, which usually undermine its subsequent use. It is thus of great importance to find protocols able to stabilize energy storage [25,34] or, even better, systems which intrinsically suppress these unwanted fluctuations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-stable charging of fast-scrambling SYK quantum batteries

Rosa

Rossini

Andolina

et al. 2020

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Collective behavior strongly influences the charging dynamics of quantum batteries (QBs). Here, we study the impact of nonlocal correlations on the energy stored in a system of N QBs. A unitary charging protocol based on a Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) quench Hamiltonian is thus introduced and analyzed. SYK models describe strongly interacting systems with nonlocal correlations and fast thermalization properties. Here, we demonstrate that, once charged, the average energy stored in the QB is very stable, realizing an ultraprecise charging protocol. By studying fluctuations of the average energy stored, we show that temporal fluctuations are strongly suppressed by the presence of nonlocal correlations at all time scales. A comparison with other paradigmatic examples of many-body QBs shows that this is linked to the collective dynamics of the SYK model and its high level of entanglement. We argue that such feature relies on the fast scrambling property of the SYK Hamiltonian, and on its fast thermalization properties, promoting this as an ideal model for the ultimate temporal stability of a generic QB. Finally, we show that the temporal evolution of the ergotropy, a quantity that characterizes the amount of extractable work from a QB, can be a useful probe to infer the thermalization properties of a many-body quantum system.

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Stable adiabatic quantum batteries

Cited by 157 publications

References 83 publications

Charging assisted by thermalization

Charging assisted by thermalization

Charging a quantum battery with linear feedback control

Ultra-stable charging of fast-scrambling SYK quantum batteries

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