Stable and adhesive hybrid fluorescent sol-gel coating on pre-treated stainless steel: application to the realization of optical fluorescence sensors

Audebert, Pierre; Bertrand, S.; Bresson, François; Tribillon, G.

doi:10.1016/s0169-4332(97)00200-6

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Probes available for optical temperature sensor are fluorescent, thermal-quenchable and non oxygen-quenchable organic and inorganic dyes, such as coumarin, perylene, pyronin and rare earth metal compounds [5][6][7]. One of the candidate probes available for the optical temperature sensor is fullerene.…”

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Fullerene C₆₀ immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material

Amao¹,

Okura

2000

Analusis

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Recent years have seen a growing interest in optical sensors based on oxygen-induced or temperature-induced changes in the luminescence intensity of organic dyes [1][2][3][4]. Probes available for optical temperature sensor are fluorescent, thermal-quenchable and non oxygen-quenchable organic and inorganic dyes, such as coumarin, perylene, pyronin and rare earth metal compounds [5][6][7]. One of the candidate probes available for the optical temperature sensor is fullerene. Fullerenes possess useful electronic and photochemical properties [8][9][10]. As the fluorescence lifetime of fullerene C 60 is estimated to be 1.1 ns, the fluorescence of C 60 is not quenched by oxygen [11]. Thus, the fluorescence intensity of C 60 is changed by temperature changes. Thus, fullerene is attractive compound for optical temperature sensing based on the fluorescence intensity change thermally.In this letter we describe a new optical temperature sensing material, fullerene C 60 immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) film, and its temperature sensing properties. ExperimentalC 60 was obtained from Tokyo Kasei Inc. and was purified by recrystalization with toluene-benzene. PMMA (average M.W. 280 000, GPC grade) was purchased from Aldrich. The C 60 immobilized in PMMA film was formed by casting a mixture of 20 wt. % PMMA and C 60 in toluene onto 1.4 × 5.0 cm non-luminescent glass slides. The C 60 concentration in the film was approximately 1.0 × 10 -3 mol dm -3 . The films were dried at room temperature and stored in the dark prior to use. The thickness of the films was determined by the use of a micron-sensitive calliper. The thickness of the prepared film was c.a. 50 µm. The fluorescence spectrum of the C 60 film was measured using a Shimadzu RF-5300PC spectrofluorophotometer with a 150 W Xenon lamp as the excitation light source. The excitation and emission bandpasses were 10 and 5.0 nm, respectively. The sample film was mounted at a 45º angle to minimize light scattering from the sample and substrate. The temperature (260-373 K) was controlled using an Oxford Instrument Optistat-DN cryostat system. All the experiments were carried out under ambient condition.Theory of optical temperature sensing based on the fluorescence intensity change of C 60 film is as follows. The quantum yield (Φ) in the absence of quencher is given bywhere I a is the absorption intensity. k L and k D are the rate constants for the fluorescence and the radiationless deactivation, respectively. The deactivation term, k D is decomposed into a temperature-independent part k 0 and a temperature-dependent part k 1 that is related to thermally activated intersystem crossing. The k 1 can be assumed to have an Arrhenius form as follows:where A, E and R are a constant, the Arrhenius activation energy and the universal gas constant, respectively. The eq.(1) is re-written by the eq. (2) of the radiationless deactivation rate: Keyword. Optical temperature sensing -fullerene -fluorescence quenching -Arrhenius activation energy -polymer film.

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Fullerene C₆₀ immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material

Amao¹,

Okura

2000

Analusis

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“…Transition metal alcoxides have been also simply used in order to diminish the gels shrinkage [7][8][9] or to accelerate the condensation of alkylsiloxanes by catalysis [10][11][12].…”

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Analysis of the gelation process of hybrid silica–zirconia and silica–titania gels using two different grafted electroactive probes

Audebert¹,

Miomandre²,

Sadki³

et al. 2006

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Electrochemically Induced Sol–Gel Deposition of Zirconia Thin Films

Shacham

Mandler

Avnir

2004

Chemistry A European J

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A novel electrochemical method for deposition of ZrO(2) thin films is described. The films, 50-600 nm thick, were obtained by applying moderate positive or negative potentials (+2.5 V to -1.5 V versus SHE) on conducting surfaces immersed in a 2-propanol solution of zirconium tetra-n-propoxide [Zr(OPr)(4)] in the presence of minute quantities of water (water/monomer molar ratios in the range of 10(-5) to 10(-1)), which was the limiting reagent. Oxidative electrochemical formation of solvated H(+) and reductive formation of OH(-) catalyze the hydrolysis and condensation of the metal alkoxide precursor. The magnitude of the applied potential and its duration provide a convenient way of controlling the film thickness. The films consist of an amorphous phase, as revealed by XRD measurements. The effects of different parameters, such as the applied potential and its duration, the amount of added water and the current-time characteristics, were studied. A mechanism for the electrodeposition of the zirconia films which is in accordance with our findings is proposed.

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Stable and adhesive hybrid fluorescent sol-gel coating on pre-treated stainless steel: application to the realization of optical fluorescence sensors

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Fullerene C₆₀ immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material

Fullerene C₆₀ immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material

Analysis of the gelation process of hybrid silica–zirconia and silica–titania gels using two different grafted electroactive probes

Electrochemically Induced Sol–Gel Deposition of Zirconia Thin Films

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Stable and adhesive hybrid fluorescent sol-gel coating on pre-treated stainless steel: application to the realization of optical fluorescence sensors

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Fullerene C60 immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material

Fullerene C60 immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material

Analysis of the gelation process of hybrid silica–zirconia and silica–titania gels using two different grafted electroactive probes

Electrochemically Induced Sol–Gel Deposition of Zirconia Thin Films

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Fullerene C₆₀ immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material

Fullerene C₆₀ immobilized in polymethylmethacrylate film as an optical temperature sensing material