Stable and efficient soft perovskite crystalline film based solar cells prepared with a facile encapsulation method

Abstract

he quasi Fermi level for electrons in the soft perovskite crystalline thin film and the contact qualities at the PCBM/perovksite and perovskite/P3CT-Na interfaces can be increased by using a facile...

Effects of drying time on the formation of merged and soft MAPbI3 grains and their photovoltaic responses

“…47 The photovoltaic cells were encapsulated with a facile method on the 2 nd day in order to increase the device lifespan. 43 It is noted that the V OC values increased aer the encapsulation process. When the drying time is 20 s, the J SC and FF are both increased aer the encapsulation process.…”

“…The existence of shallow defects does not signicantly inuence the exciton binding energy of perovskite crystalline thin lms. 43,51 In other words, the high V OC of 1.156 V can be explained as due to the formation of shallow defects in the so MAPbI 3 crystalline thin lm. 52 To conrm the stable J SC values, the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) spectra of the encapsulated cells were measured on the 406 th day, as shown in Fig.…”

“…The trend of the V OC rising time values is inversely proportional to the trend of the FF decay rate values, which is probably related to the shallow defect density in the MAPbI 3 crystalline thin films and the formation rate of MA + -PCBM-MA + cations and large-bandgap HPbI 3 interlayer at the PCBM/MAPbI 3 interface. The existence of shallow defects does not significantly influence the exciton binding energy of perovskite crystalline thin films 43,51 . In other words, the high V OC of 1.156 V can be explained as due to the formation of shallow defects in the soft MAPbI 3 crystalline thin film 52 .…”

“…When the drying time increases from 20 s (30 s) to 30 s (40 s), the average J SC increases (decreases) from 19.01 mA/cm 2 (22.25 mA/cm 2 ) to 22.25 mA/cm 2 (20.32 mA/cm 2 ), which means that the drying time largely influences the contact quality at the Please do not adjust margins Please do not adjust margins MAPbI 3 /P3CT-Na interface and thereby dominating the collection efficiency of photo-generated holes 47 . The photovoltaic cells were encapsulated with a facile method on the 2 nd day in order to increase the device lifespan 43 . It is noted that the V OC values are increased after the encapsulation process.…”

“…In this study, the main aim is to investigate the effects of the perovskite grain size on the device performance of the P3CT-Na HTL based inverted perovskite photovoltaic cells with a facile encapsulation method 43 . Our experimental results show that the re-dissolving process of the perovskite nucleation can be used to manipulate the grain size of the perovskite crystalline thin films which strongly influences the V OC and lifespan of the encapsulated perovskite photovoltaic cells.…”