Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Ratios of Sodium and Potassium Cyanide as a Forensic Signature

Kreuzer, Helen; Horita, Juske; Moran, James J.; Tomkins, Bruce A.; Janszen, Derek B.; Carman, April J.

doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01946.x

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Applications of stable isotope ratios in forensic science include sample matching and differentiation, correlation of products to source materials, and association of plant or animal material with geographic regions of origin (39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45). The data presented in this study demonstrates that stable isotope ratios of ricin preparations and castor seeds can be used for the first two of these applications.…”

Section: Stable Isotope Ratios As Potential Forensic Signatures For Rmentioning

confidence: 86%

Forensic Applications of Light‐Element Stable Isotope Ratios of Ricinus communis Seeds and Ricin Preparations

Kreuzer

West

Ehleringer

2012

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Seeds of the castor plant Ricinus communis are of forensic interest because they are the source of the poison ricin. We tested whether stable isotope ratios of castor seeds and ricin preparations can be used as a forensic signature. We collected over 300 castor seed samples worldwide and measured the C, N, O, and H isotope ratios of the whole seeds and oil. We prepared ricin by three different procedures, acetone extraction, salt precipitation, and affinity chromatography, and compared their isotope ratios to those of the source seeds. The N isotope ratios of the ricin samples and source seeds were virtually identical. Therefore, N isotope ratios can be used to correlate ricin prepared by any of these methods to source seeds. Further, stable isotope ratios distinguished >99% of crude and purified ricin protein samples in pairwise comparison tests. Stable isotope ratios therefore constitute a valuable forensic signature for ricin preparations.

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Section: Stable Isotope Ratios As Potential Forensic Signatures For Rmentioning

confidence: 86%

Forensic Applications of Light‐Element Stable Isotope Ratios of Ricinus communis Seeds and Ricin Preparations

Kreuzer

West

Ehleringer

2012

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…The above overview of the different ways in which stable isotope signatures can be applied in a forensic context clearly demonstrates the great potential this technique brings to the investigation of crime, even acts of terrorism. While this overview has focused on stable isotope signatures of illicit drugs, explosives and human tissue, the potential and benefits of this technique should not be overlooked when it comes to other types of evidence such as paint , paper (Jones, Benson, & Roux, 2013a;Jones, Benson, & Roux, 2013b;Jones, Benson, & Roux, 2013c;Jones, Benson, & Roux, 2016;van Es, de Koeijer, & van der Peijl, 2009), plastic material (Bezemer et al, 2018), sticky tape (Carter et al, 2004;Dietz et al, 2012;Nienaber, Cresswell, Carter, & Peter, 2018;Quirk, Bellerby, Carter, Thomas, & Hill, 2009), match sticks (Farmer, Curran, Lucy, Daeid, & Meier-Augenstein, 2009;Farmer, Ruffell, Meier-Augenstein, Meneely, & Kalin, 2007) or toxins (Kreuzer et al, 2012;Kreuzer, West, & Ehleringer, 2013;Kreuzer-Martin, Lott, Dorigan, & Ehleringer, 2003;Tea, Antheaume, & Zhang, 2012;Webb-Robertson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic stable isotope signatures: Comparing, geo‐locating, detecting linkage

Meier‐Augenstein

2019

WIREs Forensic Science

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Stable isotope signatures or profiles of physical evidence such as illicit drugs, explosives or human tissue provide information on source, origin, even sample history not obtainable by traditionally applied analytical techniques of forensic chemistry. The discriminatory power, calculated as random match probability, of multivariate stable isotope signatures able to distinguish two cocaine samples from different regions in Colombia can range from one in tens of thousands to one in several million if based on the stable isotope abundances of carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen or carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen, respectively. Stable isotope signatures of physical evidence have therefore at the very least great potential to provide invaluable forensic intelligence for intelligence led policing. They may even be of great evidentiary value, especially if corroborated by results from independent analytical techniques. This review aims to offer a glimpse into the fascinating world of forensic stable isotope analysis by discussing the various levels of information stable isotope signatures can provide. For reasons easily appreciated, only a select few instances of its application to criminal investigations have been reported in scientific journals thus far. The various applications of this technique presented in this review are therefore predominantly taken from peer‐reviewed work published in scientific books and journals. This article is categorized under: Forensic Biology > Interpretation of Biological Evidence Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Explosive Analysis Toxicology > Drug Analysis

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“…This would seem to provide a useful means of assigning gender to incomplete remains. Carbon and nitrogen isotopes have been utilised forensically 198 to successfully ngerprint 65 cyanide samples, showing a false match rate of <3%. Seawater has been suggested 199 as a new source of reference material for Mg isotopes.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

Evans

Pisonero

Smith

et al. 2013

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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SUMMARY OF CONTENTS This review covers developments in 'Atomic Spectrometry'. It covers atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry, but excludes material on speciation and coupled techniques which is included in a separate review. It should be read in conjunctionwith the other related reviews in the series. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Sample introductionThis section covers developments in sample introduction for all instrumental methods. LiquidsLiquid sample introduction relates to methods wherein the sample is introduced into the instrument in the form of a liquid, such as through nebulization or into a thermal vaporizer; whereas in vapour generation the sample is initially in the form of a liquid but is converted to a vapour prior to introduction into the instrument. Sample pre-treatment.A general review of on-line preconcentration for ICP-MS has been published by Das et al. 7 , covering solid phase methods and including 63 references. Several reviews of sample pretreatment methods used for atomic spectrometry are worth noting because they focus on specific areas: Kocurova et al. 8and Jain and Verma 9 have reviewed advances in DLLME (53 references) and SDME (407 references) respectively; Zhao et al. the same authors studied the stability of the labelled complexes at different pH and temperature, and when subject to separation using LC. They reported a significant decrease in stability when LC separation was used, and some degradation at 37 °C compared to 2 °C.Li et al. An immunoassay-linked method using gold nano-particles has been developed by Jarujamrus et al. 33 . In this approach the monoclonal antibody-chloramphenicol was attached to a solid support. Antigen-chloramphenicol was labelled with gold nano-particles (10 nm) at pH 9.5, attached to a bovine serum albumin protein and mixed with unlabelled antigenchloramphenicol, which was then added to the antibody-chloramphenicol. for U and Th respectively in water samples.

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Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Ratios of Sodium and Potassium Cyanide as a Forensic Signature

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Forensic Applications of Light‐Element Stable Isotope Ratios of Ricinus communis Seeds and Ricin Preparations

Forensic Applications of Light‐Element Stable Isotope Ratios of Ricinus communis Seeds and Ricin Preparations

Forensic stable isotope signatures: Comparing, geo‐locating, detecting linkage

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

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