Stable isotope labeling reveals patterns in essential fatty acid growth efficiency in a lipid-poor coastal calanoid copepod

Helenius, Laura; Budge, Suzanne M.; Johnson, Catherine L.

doi:10.1007/s00227-020-03794-8

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Copepods assimilated 11% of the total dietary C (or 40% of the dietary lipid C) ingested in the first two days of the experiment, and 34% of their somatic growth (in C units) at t 48h was due to the assimilation of dietary lipid C. Only 11 studies have been published to date which use CSIA to quantify trophodynamics in copepods. Of these, they address: benthic copepods (De Troch et al, 2012;Werbrouck et al, 2017), polar calanoids (Graeve et al, 2005;Helenius et al, 2019;Graeve et al, 2020;Helenius et al, 2020b), T. longicornis (Grice et al, 1998;Klein Breteler et al, 2002), and other non-Temora small, lipid-poor copepods (Boissonnot et al, 2016;Burian et al, 2018;Helenius et al, 2020a). Our results are discussed below in light of relevant published data for pelagic copepods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…These introduce stable isotopes into a monitored system or compartment and are able to report on labelled/ enriched abundances in excess of the natural value (for examples, see Middelburg, 2014;Twining et al, 2020;and references therein). Such tracer studies have, for example, used CSIA to quantify processes such as the assimilation, turnover, and synthesis of important molecules at the plant-animal interface in marine food webs (Graeve et al, 2005;De Troch et al, 2012;Boissonnot et al, 2016;Franco-Santos et al, 2019;Helenius et al, 2019;Graeve et al, 2020;Helenius et al, 2020a;Helenius et al, 2020b). These processes can be investigated by adding compounds enriched in stable isotopes of biogenic elements (e.g., NaH 13 CO 3 ) to algae cultures, whose isotopic signature will then become enriched with this isotope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, fewer studies are available on the lipid biochemistry of smaller copepods (Kattner and Hagen, 2009;Boissonnot et al, 2016;Helenius et al, 2020a), which tend to store little to no energy reserves, to not undergo post-hatching diapause, and to not be as limited by food quantity as their lipidrich counterparts. One of the species for which information is available is Temora longicornis (Müller, 1785), a small planktonic copepod (~1 mm prosome length) which inhabits, and often dominates, temperate and boreal environments (Holste et al, 2009;Martynova et al, 2011;Johnson and Allen, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To Regulate or Not to Regulate: Assimilation of Dietary Fatty Acids in the Temperate Copepod Temora longicornis

et al. 2022

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Consumer regulation of lipid composition during assimilation of dietary items is related to their ecology, habitat, and life cycle, and may lead to extra energetic costs associated with the conversion of dietary material into the fatty acids (FAs) necessary to meet metabolic requirements. For example, lipid-rich copepods from temperate and polar latitudes must convert assimilated dietary FAs into wax esters, an efficient type of energy storage which enables them to cope with seasonal food shortages and buoyancy requirements. Lipid-poor copepods, however, tend to not be as constrained by food availability as their lipid-rich counterparts and, thus, should have no need for modifying dietary FAs. Our objective was to test the assumption that Temora longicornis, a proxy species for lipid-poor copepods, does not regulate its lipid composition. Isotopically-enriched (13C) diatoms were fed to copepods during a 5-day laboratory experiment. Compound-specific stable isotope analysis of algae and copepod samples was performed in order to calculate dietary FA assimilation, turnover, and assimilation efficiency into copepod FAs. Approximately 65% of the total dietary lipid carbon (C) assimilated (913 ± 68 ng C ind-1 at the end of the experiment) was recorded as polyunsaturated FAs, with 20 and 15% recorded as saturated and monounsaturated FAs, respectively. As expected, T. longicornis assimilated dietary FAs in an unregulated, non-homeostatic manner, as evidenced by the changes in its FA profile, which became more similar to that of their diet. Copepods assimilated 11% of the total dietary C (or 40% of the dietary lipid C) ingested in the first two days of the experiment. In addition, 34% of their somatic growth (in C) after two days was due to the assimilation of dietary C in FAs. Global warming may lead to increased proportions of smaller copepods in the oceans, and to a lower availability of algae-produced essential FAs. In order for changes in the energy transfer in marine food webs to be better understood, it is important that future investigations assess a broader range of diets as well as lipid-poor zooplankton from oceanographic areas throughout the world’s oceans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To Regulate or Not to Regulate: Assimilation of Dietary Fatty Acids in the Temperate Copepod Temora longicornis

et al. 2022

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“…According to Santhanam et al [ 24 ], I. galbana (30,000 cels/mL) alone is sufficient in the diet for O. rigida due to the high content of DHA, and the high DHA:EPA ratio required for its proper growth. The positive effect of Iso and Ch as single diets with a high content of DHA and EPA, respectively, could be attributed to the synthesis and bioaccumulation capacity of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in copepods [ 8 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. This biotransformation of essential fatty acids has been demonstrated for cyclopoid copepods [ 77 , 78 ], calanoid copepods [ 75 , 79 ], and harpacticoid copepods [ 74 , 80 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The positive effect of Iso and Ch as single diets with a high content of DHA and EPA, respectively, could be attributed to the synthesis and bioaccumulation capacity of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in copepods [ 8 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. This biotransformation of essential fatty acids has been demonstrated for cyclopoid copepods [ 77 , 78 ], calanoid copepods [ 75 , 79 ], and harpacticoid copepods [ 74 , 80 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Microalgae Diets on the Biological and Growth Parameters of Oithona nana (Copepoda: Cyclopoida)

Huanacuni

Pepe-Victoriano

Lora‐Vilchis

et al. 2021

Animals

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Several species of the planktonic free-living genus Oithona have been successfully used in the larviculture of marine fish and shrimp. However, few studies have been published that allow us to estimate the potential of Oithona nana culture under controlled conditions. This work evaluated the effect of the microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros calcitrans as single (200,000 cells/mL) and mixed diets (100,000 + 100,000 cells/mL) on population and individual growth, ingestion rate, number of spawnings, fertility, development time by stage, and sex ratio of O. nana. We cultured this copepod at 28 ± 0.5 °C, 35 PSU salinity, 125 lux, and 12:12 photoperiod. Results showed that diet had no effect on the final population level (6273–7966 ind/L) or on individual growth, nor on sex ratio, with less males than females. With C. calcitrans, O. nana had a higher filtration rate (57 ng C/ind/day). On the other hand, a mixed diet induced a higher number of spawns (0.4 events/day) and nauplii per spawn (23 ind). Similarly, a single or mixed diet, containing I. galbana, accelerated the development rate by 6.33–7.00 days. We concluded that O. nana can be cultured with both microalgae, indicating its potential use in an intensive system for production. However, more research is required to improve the productivity of O. nana rearing.

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Efficient use of bicarbonate for mass production and carbon isotopic labelling of the green alga Ulva ohnoi under natural conditions

2021

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Stable isotope labeling reveals patterns in essential fatty acid growth efficiency in a lipid-poor coastal calanoid copepod

Cited by 8 publications

References 76 publications

To Regulate or Not to Regulate: Assimilation of Dietary Fatty Acids in the Temperate Copepod Temora longicornis

To Regulate or Not to Regulate: Assimilation of Dietary Fatty Acids in the Temperate Copepod Temora longicornis

Influence of Microalgae Diets on the Biological and Growth Parameters of Oithona nana (Copepoda: Cyclopoida)

Efficient use of bicarbonate for mass production and carbon isotopic labelling of the green alga Ulva ohnoi under natural conditions

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