Stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen for the study of carbonation/decarbonation processes in concretes

Lètolle, René; Gégout, Philippe; Rafai, Nourredine; Revertégat, E.

doi:10.1016/0008-8846(92)90061-y

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…carbonates and sulphates). d 18 O values have been measured in concrete carbonates and mineral growths due to concrete decay as a useful indicator of various phenomena occurring during concrete carbonationd (Létolle et al 1992). Macleod et al (1991) measured d 18 O values in calcite growths in damaged concrete.…”

Section: Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay effects of pollutants on stony materials in the built environment

Sanjurjo-Sánchez

Alves

2011

Environ Chem Lett

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This review discuss the effects that pollutants have on stony materials applied on the built environment, illustrating different macroscopical products (pathologies) that can affect historical and modern architectural works. The impact of the decay processes is related to the susceptibility of the materials, environmental conditions and the kind of pollutants that degrade building materials. Here are reviewed the main decay processes resulting from the actions of gases, particulate matter and solutions (from wet deposition to capillary rising and including circulating waters such as run-off), showing that besides atmospheric pollution, also pollutants rising from the ground can cause important deterioration on building materials. Following, the use of tracers is considered for the study of pollutant sources and migration, including neoformation minerals (that might also constitute markers of environmental conditions) and chemical tracers, giving special attention to isotopic tracers, namely to proposals regarding the use of some stable and radioactive isotopes for the study of pollutants that have strong potential but have not been tested yet are also presented. At the end of this chapter, some final considerations are made on the problem of durability assessment of materials in the built environment and also on the use of tracers to assess the origin of damaging compounds in the built environment.

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Section: Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay effects of pollutants on stony materials in the built environment

Sanjurjo-Sánchez

Alves

2011

Environ Chem Lett

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“…The chemical alteration of the primary calcite by newly precipitation and/or recrystallization should change the isotopic signature of calcite in the binder. The range of δ 18 O calcite and δ 13 C calcite values and the positive trend between both isotopic values ( Figure 4) are typical for the precipitation of calcite due to absorption of atmospheric CO 2 into alkaline Ca 2+ -bearing environments [12,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. Usdowski and Hirschfeld [14] and Kosednar-Legenstein et al [15] found an analogous correlation of isotopic data measured along a profile of Roman lime mortar and from calcite cementation in a brickwork experiment, respectively.…”

Section: Tracing the Durability Of Ancient Mortarmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The information about the chemical composition and distribution of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of the calcium carbonate binder is a powerful tool to elucidate the environmental conditions of its formation and subsequent transformation [3,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, the combined isotopic and micro-chemical investigations of an entire profile of hydraulic lime mortar are sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing formation and durability of calcite in a Punic–Roman cistern mortar (Pantelleria Island, Italy)

Dietzel

Schön

Heinrichs

et al. 2015

Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies

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Ancient hydraulic lime mortar preserves chemical and isotopic signatures that provide important information about historical processing and its durability. The distribution and isotopic composition of calcite in a mortar of a well-preserved Punic-Roman cistern at Pantelleria Island (Italy) was used to trace the formation conditions, durability, and individual processing periods of the cistern mortar. The analyses of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of calcite revealed four individual horizons, D, E, B-1 and B-2, of mortar from the top to the bottom of the cistern floor. Volcanic and ceramic aggregates were used for the production of the mortar of horizons E/D and B-1/B-2, respectively. All horizons comprise hydraulic lime mortar characterized by a mean cementation index of 1.5 ± 1, and a constant binder to aggregate ratio of 0.31 ± 0.01. This suggests standardized and highly effective processing of the cistern. The high durability of calcite formed during carbonation of slaked lime within the matrix of the ancient mortar, and thus the excellent resistance of the hydraulic lime mortar against water, was documented by (i) a distinct positive correlation of δ(18)Ocalcite and δ(13)Ccalcite; typical for carbonation through a mortar horizon, (ii) a characteristic evolution of δ(18)Ocalcite and δ(13)Ccalcite through each of the four mortar horizons; lighter follow heavier isotopic values from upper to lower part of the cistern floor, and (iii) δ(18)Ocalcite varying from -10 to -5 ‰ Vienna Pee Dee belemnite (VPDB). The range of δ(18)Ocalcite values rule out recrystallization and/or neoformation of calcite through chemical attack of water stored in cistern. The combined studies of the chemical composition of the binder and the isotopic composition of the calcite in an ancient mortar provide powerful tools for elucidating the ancient techniques and processing periods. This approach helps to evaluate the durability of primary calcite and demonstrates the importance of calcite as a proxy for chemical attack and quality of the ancient inorganic binder.

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“…Carbon isotope analyses measured the ratio of 13 C to 12 C isotopes (or δ 13 C) in the sascab /plaster samples. The δ 13 C level of naturally occurring limestone is generally close to 0 while the δ 13 C level of lime plasters is significantly lower (Létolle et al 1992; Murakami et al 2013). This is due to the fact that natural limestone was formed under ancient oceans and absorbed CO 2 isotopes from water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Multiple Lines of Evidence to Identify Prehispanic Maya Burnt-Lime Kilns in the Northern Yucatán Peninsula

Seligson

Negrón

Ciau³

et al. 2017

Latin Am. antiq.

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This study discusses the investigation of a series of pit-kilns in and around the prehispanic site of Kiuic in the Puuc region of the northern Maya lowlands and presents the multiple lines of evidence that identify these structures as lime production features. The study reports the results of systematic excavations, archaeometric analyses, archaeological experiments, ethnographic inquiries, and spatial analyses. Burnt lime has been used for architectural, dietary, hygienic, and other purposes by the Maya for at least three millennia and yet its importance in prehispanic Maya society is belied by the lack of lime production features identified in the archaeological record. The identification of these structures as lime production features has implications for understanding subregional differences in socioeconomic organization and resource management practices among the prehispanic Maya. This report provides a model for using multiple methods and analyses to investigate and identify lime production kilns that can be applied to societies and landscapes throughout the Maya area and the broader premodern world.

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Stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen for the study of carbonation/decarbonation processes in concretes

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Decay effects of pollutants on stony materials in the built environment

Decay effects of pollutants on stony materials in the built environment

Tracing formation and durability of calcite in a Punic–Roman cistern mortar (Pantelleria Island, Italy)

Using Multiple Lines of Evidence to Identify Prehispanic Maya Burnt-Lime Kilns in the Northern Yucatán Peninsula

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