The fabrication of heterostructured semiconductors is an effective strategy for improving electrochemical hydrogen evolution performance. In this work, we designed and prepared a novel self-supported NiS nanoparticle-coupled Ni 2 P nanoflake array architecture. Vertically oriented Ni(OH) 2 nanoflake arrays were first grown on carbon fiber paper by using a hydrothermal seed growth process. Then, the following sulfuration and phosphatization processes resulted in the formation of NiS nanoparticle-decorated Ni 2 P nanoflake arrays supported on carbon fiber paper (CP/Ni 2 P/NiS). The obtained CP/Ni 2 P/NiS heterostructured nanoflake arrays, as novel 3D hydrogen evolution cathodes, possess superhydrophilic surfaces, abun-dant coupling interfaces, and sufficient surface active sites; they can also facilitate proton accessibility, rapid charge transport, and timely gas detachment. As expected, these positive synergistic effects endowed the optimal CP/Ni 2 P/NiS heterostructured nanoflake array electrode with a low onset overpotential of 58 mV and a small Tafel slope of 68 mV dec À1 . A low overpotential of À103 mV is needed to afford a catalytic current density of 10 mA cm À2 . The current density of the heterostructure hybrid electrode can keep its catalytic current density for at least 5000 cycles reaction without obvious loss of catalytic activity, indicating its good durability.[a] J.