Stable Organic Antimony Halides with Near‐Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Yield for X‐Ray Imaging

Abstract

X-ray imaging technology has been widely used in the fields of environmental monitoring, safety inspection, nondestructive examination, space exploration, and medical diagnosis, among which scintillation materials play a vital role in indirectly converting X-ray to visible photons. Here, a zero-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid halide C 50 H 44 P 2 SbCl 5 crystal is prepared via a facile antisolvent precipitation method at room temperature. The single crystal of C 50 H 44 P 2 SbCl 5 displays a strong yellow broadband emission centered at 592 nm with a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield of 98.42%. Importantly, C 50 H 44 P 2 SbCl 5 crystals show great environmental stability and irradiation stability. Radioluminescence characterization indicates that C 50 H 44 P 2 SbCl 5 crystals exhibit a good linear response to X-ray dose rates along with an excellent light yield of 44 460 photons MeV −1 , surpassing that of commercial inorganic LuAG:Ce scintillator. The spatial resolution of the C 50 H 44 P 2 SbCl 5 -based scintillating screen is determined to be 8.2 lp mm −1 . In conjunction with polymer thin film, the excellent scintillating feature of organic-inorganic hybrid halides offers exciting opportunities for achieving high-quality flexible X-ray imaging.

Highly efficient and thermally stable broadband near-infrared emitting garnet Ca3Sc2Ge3O12:Cr3+,Ce3+ phosphors for multiple pc-LED applications

“…The calculated lattice distortion index D values of [CaO 8 ] exhibited an increase from 1.41 to 2.32% in Table S2b (ESI†). 38–41 This proves our inference that the doping of Ce 3+ distorts the [CaO 8 ] dodecahedron and improves the d–d forbidden transition, which leads to a continuous increase in the NIR emission intensity under 480 nm excitation. The IQE of CSGG:0.14Cr 3+ ,0.16Ce 3+ is measured to be 61% under 480 nm excitation, which is nearly 3 times higher than that of CSGG:0.14Cr 3+ without Ce 3+ (IQE = 22%).…”

Lead‐free organic–inorganic hybrid scintillators for X‐ray detection

“…Afterwards, Zhao et al obtained an antimony(III)based OIHC scintillator 23 and applied it to X-ray imaging (Figure 9C). [84] The decay lifetime of the scintillator was 2.67 µs and the Stokes-shift was 222 nm, which were consistent with the characteristics of STE. In the X-ray imaging test, the spatial resolution of the scintillator screen was 8.2 lp mm −1 .…”

Near-Unity Green Luminescent Hybrid Manganese Halides as X-ray Scintillators

“…Sun et al presented an efficient hybrid (DBA) 4 Cu 4 I 4 with a light yield above 10,000 photons MeV –1 and a promising spatial resolution of about 5.0 lp mm –1 , showing excellent potential as scintillators . In a similar vein, Zhao et al synthesized a C 50 H 44 P 2 SbCl 5 crystal that displayed a strong yellow broad-band emission showing an excellent light yield of 44,460 photons MeV –1 and a high spatial resolution of 8.2 lp mm –1 . In particular, some hybrid green-emissive manganese halides display impressive RL performance with ultrahigh light yields including (C 38 H 34 P 2 )­MnBr 4 (80,000 photons MeV –1 ), TPP 2 MnBr 4 (78,000 photons MeV –1 ), etc., as well as a spatial resolution of 15.7 lp mm –1 in the promising application of X-ray imaging. − Except for the high X-ray scintillation performance, the emission properties of manganese­(II)-based compounds are capable of being precisely controlled by manipulating the coordination environment around the Mn 2+ ions.…”