Stable oxygen isotopes - A new approach for tracing the origin of oxide inclusions in steels

Determination of oxygen triple isotope ratios of silicates without cryogenic separation of NF3 – technique with application to analyses of technical O2 gas and meteorite classification

“…Precise analyses of δ ′ 17 O VSMOW and δ ′ 18 O VSMOW of rocks and minerals are obtained by mass spectrometry on O 2 that is liberated by heating the sample in a wire‐bound tube furnace24 or by means of an infrared (IR) laser 18, 19, 25–31. Briefly, samples are reacted with BrF 5 or F 2 gas to form fluorides and O 2 , which is analyzed in a multi‐collector gas mass spectrometer for δ 17 O VSMOW and δ 18 O VSMOW .…”

“…Briefly, samples are reacted with BrF 5 or F 2 gas to form fluorides and O 2 , which is analyzed in a multi‐collector gas mass spectrometer for δ 17 O VSMOW and δ 18 O VSMOW . It has been shown that IR laser fluorination is generally superior to conventional fluorination in Ni autoclaves for refractory materials 25, 30. The fact that only small amounts of material are required (∼1 mg) is a further advantage of laser fluorination.…”

Stable Oxygen Isotopes for Tracing the Origin of Clogging in Continuous Casting Submerged Entry Nozzles

“…Oxygen isotope ratios were measured by means of mass spectrometry with O 2 as analyte. 8 180 was calculated from the ratio of the 18 0160 to 16 0160 molecules in comparison with reference gas with known 8 180. Silicates and oxides were analysed using IR laser fluorination.…”

“…Pack et al [16] were the first who carried out oxygen isotope analysis of clogging and refractory materials. They concluded that olivine from the basic tundish lining may be oxygen donator for the formation of non-metallic inclusions.…”

“…For these analyses an error in the range of ±0.1%0 (1cr) is given. For a more detailed descriptions of the IR laser fluorination it is referred to [16,[20][21][22].…”