Stable water isotopes in HadCM3: Isotopic signature of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the tropical amount effect

Tindall, Julia; Valdes, Paul J.; Sime, Louise

doi:10.1029/2008jd010825

Cited by 182 publications

(230 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…This makes comparison of climate model output with the proxy data non-trivial. The most straightforward comparison with the measured data would be to include models of the proxies within the climate model, but such models are not present in this version of FAMOUS (although the oxygen isotope scheme of Tindall et al (2009) has now been implemented for future use).…”

Section: Comparisons With Climate Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The last glacial cycle: transient simulations with an AOGCM

Smith

Gregory

2012

Clim Dyn

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A number of transient climate runs simulating the last 120 kyr have been carried out using FAMOUS, a fast atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (AOGCM). This is the first time such experiments have been done with a full AOGCM, providing a three-dimensional simulation of both atmosphere and ocean over this period. Our simulation thus includes internally generated temporal variability over periods from days to millennia, and physical, detailed representations of important processes such as clouds and precipitation. Although the model is fast, computational restrictions mean that the rate of change of the forcings has been increased by a factor of 10, making each experiment 12 kyr long. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHGs), northern hemisphere ice sheets and variations in solar radiation arising from changes in the Earth's orbit are treated as forcing factors, and are applied either separately or combined in different experiments. The long-term temperature changes on Antarctica match well with reconstructions derived from ice-core data, as does variability on timescales longer than 10 kyr. Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) cooling on Greenland is reasonably well simulated, although our simulations, which lack ice-sheet meltwater forcing, do not reproduce the abrupt, millennial scale climate shifts seen in northern hemisphere climate proxies or their slower southern hemisphere counterparts. The spatial pattern of sea surface cooling at the LGM matches proxy reconstructions reasonably well. There is significant anti-correlated variability in the strengths of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) on timescales greater than 10 kyr in our experiments. We find that GHG forcing weakens the AMOC and strengthens the ACC, whilst the presence of northern hemisphere ice-sheets strengthens the AMOC and weakens the ACC. The structure of the AMOC at the LGM is found to be sensitive to the details of the ice-sheet reconstruction used. The precessional component of the orbital forcing induces *20 kyr oscillations in the AMOC and ACC, whose amplitude is mediated by changes in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit. These forcing influences combine, to first order, in a linear fashion to produce the mean climate and ocean variability seen in the run with all forcings.

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Section: Comparisons With Climate Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The last glacial cycle: transient simulations with an AOGCM

Smith

Gregory

2012

Clim Dyn

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“…A number of studies have clearly demonstrated their usefulness for an improved climatic interpretation of present and past water isotope variability (e.g. Jouzel et al, 2000;Mathieu et al, 2002;Noone and Simmonds, 2002;Werner and Heimann, 2002;Vuille and Werner, 2005;Lee and Fung, 2008;Tindall et al, 2009;Risi et al, 2010b). A comparison of different models allows for the evaluation of robust features, and the ability to scrutinize each model's parametrizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of oxygen-18 in West Siberian precipitation during the last 50 years

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Global warming is associated with large increases in surface air temperature in Siberia. Here, we apply the isotope-enabled atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM5-wiso to explore the potential of water isotope measurements at a recently opened monitoring station in Kourovka (57.04 • N, 59.55 • E) in order to successfully trace climate change in western Siberia. Our model is constrained to atmospheric reanalysis fields for the period 1957-2013 to facilitate the comparison with observations of δD in total column water vapour from the GOSAT satellite, and with precipitation δ 18 O measurements from 15 Russian stations of the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation. The model captures the observed Russian climate within reasonable error margins, and displays the observed isotopic gradients associated with increasing continentality and decreasing meridional temperatures. The model also reproduces the observed seasonal cycle of δ 18 O, which parallels the seasonal cycle of temperature and ranges from −25 ‰ in winter to −5 ‰ in summer. Investigating West Siberian climate and precipitation δ 18 O variability during the last 50 years, we find long-term increasing trends in temperature and δ 18 O, while precipitation trends are uncertain. During the last 50 years, winter temperatures have increased by 1.7 • C. The simulated long-term increase of precipitation δ 18 O is at the detection limit (< 1 ‰ per 50 years) but significant. West Siberian climate is characterized by strong interannual variability, which in winter is strongly related to the North Atlantic Oscillation. In winter, regional temperature is the predominant factor controlling δ 18 O variations on interannual to decadal timescales with a slope of about 0.5 ‰ • C −1 . In summer, the interannual variability of δ 18 O can be attributed to shortterm, regional-scale processes such as evaporation and convective precipitation. This finding suggests that precipitation δ 18 O has the potential to reveal hydrometeorological regime shifts in western Siberia which are otherwise difficult to identify. Focusing on Kourovka, the simulated evolution of temperature, δ 18 O and, to a smaller extent, precipitation during the last 50 years is synchronous with model results averaged over all of western Siberia, suggesting that this site will be representative to monitor future isotopic changes in the entire region.

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“…Today, most IPCC class AGCMs include the possibility for water isotopes tracing (Hoffmann et al, 1998;Noone and Simmonds, 2002;Mathieu et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2007;Yoshimura et al, 2008;Risi et al, 2010;Werner et al, 2011). The subsequent development of water isotopes modules in oceanic general circulation models (OGCM) (Schmidt, 1998;Delaygue et al, 2000;Xu et al, 2012) opens the prospect for coupled simulations of present and past climates, conserving water isotopes through the hydrosphere (Schmidt et al, 2007;Zhou et al, 2008;Tindall et al, 2009). In general, general circulation models (GCMs) have been used exclusively to simulate separately water isotopes in the atmosphere and ocean components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

δ18O water isotope in the iLOVECLIM model (version 1.0) – Part 2: Evaluation of model results against observed δ18O in water samples

Roche

Caley

2013

Geosci. Model Dev.

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Abstract. The H 2 18 O stable isotope was previously introduced in the three coupled components of the earth system model iLOVECLIM: atmosphere, ocean and vegetation. The results of a long (5000 yr) pre-industrial equilibrium simulation are presented and evaluated against measurement of H 2 18 O abundance in present-day water for the atmospheric and oceanic components. For the atmosphere, it is found that the model reproduces the observed spatial distribution and relationships to climate variables with some merit, though limitations following our approach are highlighted. Indeed, we obtain the main gradients with a robust representation of the Rayleigh distillation but caveats appear in Antarctica and around the Mediterranean region due to model limitation. For the oceanic component, the agreement between the modelled and observed distribution of water δ 18 O is found to be very good. Mean ocean surface latitudinal gradients are faithfully reproduced as well as the mark of the main intermediate and deep water masses. This opens large prospects for the applications in palaeoclimatic context.

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Stable water isotopes in HadCM3: Isotopic signature of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the tropical amount effect

Cited by 182 publications

References 65 publications

The last glacial cycle: transient simulations with an AOGCM

The last glacial cycle: transient simulations with an AOGCM

Variations of oxygen-18 in West Siberian precipitation during the last 50 years

δ<sup>18</sup>O water isotope in the <i>i</i>LOVECLIM model (version 1.0) – Part 2: Evaluation of model results against observed δ<sup>18</sup>O in water samples

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Stable water isotopes in HadCM3: Isotopic signature of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the tropical amount effect

Cited by 182 publications

References 65 publications

The last glacial cycle: transient simulations with an AOGCM

The last glacial cycle: transient simulations with an AOGCM

Variations of oxygen-18 in West Siberian precipitation during the last 50 years

δ&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O water isotope in the &lt;i&gt;i&lt;/i&gt;LOVECLIM model (version 1.0) – Part 2: Evaluation of model results against observed δ&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O in water samples

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δ<sup>18</sup>O water isotope in the <i>i</i>LOVECLIM model (version 1.0) – Part 2: Evaluation of model results against observed δ<sup>18</sup>O in water samples