Stable water isotopes in the atmosphere/biosphere/lithosphere interface: Scaling-up from the local to continental scale, under humid and dry conditions

Stable Isotope Variations in Precipitation and Moisture Trajectories on the Western Tibetan Plateau, China

“…These results agree with the evolution of isotopic evaporation in lake water in other regions, where relative humidity is the essential factor controlling the inland arid alpine lake water (Gat and Airey, 2006;Tian et al, 2008;Gao et al, 2009). We also noticed that the background meteorological conditions were not useful for running this fully kinetic model when relative humidity values were too high.…”

Tropical Pacific forcing of Late-Holocene hydrologic variability in the coastal southwest United States

“…We do however interpret relative shifts in dD wax as a semi-quantitative proxy for shifts in precipitation isotopes. Hydrogen isotopes in precipitation represent useful yet complex tracers of hydrological processes recording information about the history of a moisture parcel in terms of source region, storm track, condensation temperature, antecedent rainout, and finally postcondensation evaporation of the raindrop during descent (Gat and Airey, 2006;Buenning et al, 2013). Downcore dD values are interpreted as principally responding to changes in moisture source region, with low dD values reflecting midlatitude N Pacific moisture sources (often associated with colder condensation temperatures and less post-condensation evaporation) and high dD values reflecting subtropical N Pacific moisture sources (often associated with warmer condensation temperatures and more postcondensation evaporation) (Friedman et al, 2002;Buenning et al, 2013;McCabe-Glynn et al, 2013).…”

Stable isotope and hydrochemical evolution of groundwater in the semi-arid Hamersley Basin of subtropical northwest Australia

“…In particular, the oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of rainfall (d 2 H and d 18 O) have been applied to hydrological studies as a tracer for groundwater (Gat, 1996;Clark and Fritz, 1997;Kendall and McDonnell, 1998). The stable isotope composition of rainfall is determined by climatic factors such as the sources of cloud, the timing and amount of rainfall and geographical factors, including sampling altitude and distance from the coast (Ró _ zań ski et al, 1993;Lawrence and Gedzelman, 1996;Araguas et al, 2000;Gat and Airey, 2006). Changes in isotopic compositions of groundwater along flow paths reflect the origin and history of the water (e.g., recharge and discharge processes, salinization and evaporation prior to recharge).…”

“…Thus, the isotopic signatures of groundwater and surface water may be similar to recent rainfall events, particularly in shallow aquifers and small pools with short water residence time. Therefore, it is essential to consider the amount and isotopic signature of individual rainfall events throughout the year to determine the likely processes that control surface water pools and groundwater recharge (Gat, 1996;Gat and Airey, 2006;Bassett et al, 2008). Furthermore, the isotopic composition of the potential end members (i.e., rainfall, groundwater and runoff) that contribute to permanent water pools can be used to estimate the water budget (Gibson et al, 2005;Tweed et al, 2011).…”