Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces for Multiuser Beamforming in the Wave Domain

An, Jiancheng; Di Renzo, Marco; Debbah, Mérouane; Yuen, Chau

doi:10.1109/icc45041.2023.10279173

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…We also remark that channel estimation of BSIM and CSIMassisted mMIMO systems has not taken place before. • Different from [21], not only do we consider a SIM-based BS, but we also consider a SIM in the intermediate space to aid the communication between the users and the BS. Also, we rely on statistical CSI instead of instantaneousbased analysis in [21].…”

Section: A Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Different from [21], not only do we consider a SIM-based BS, but we also consider a SIM in the intermediate space to aid the communication between the users and the BS. Also, we rely on statistical CSI instead of instantaneousbased analysis in [21]. Moreover, we consider imperfect CSI, which is of practical interest.…”

Section: A Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of each meta-atom for both SIMs is λ/2 × λ/2. Each BS antenna has a gain of 5dBi while each user has a single antenna with a gain of 0dBi [8], [21]. The thickness of both SIMs is T SIM = 5λ, while the spacings for the BSIM and CSIM are d BSIM = T SIM /L and d CSIM = T SIM /S, respectively.…”

Section: A Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [16], we proposed a simultaneous optimization of the phase shifts of both the transmitter and the receiver. In [21], the authors deployed a SIM-enabled (base station) to perform dowlink beamforming in the EM wave domain to multiple users. However, these works relied on perfect CSI to design the SIMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Joint Spatial Division and Multiplexing for FDD in Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Massive MIMO Systems

Papazafeiropoulos

Kourtessis

Ntontin

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a promising technology to deliver the higher spectral and energy requirements in fifth-generation (5G) and beyond wireless networks while shaping the propagation environment. Such a design can be further enhanced with massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) characteristics towards boosting the network performance. However, channel reciprocity, assumed in 5G systems such as mMIMO, appears to be questioned in practice by recent studies on IRS. Hence, contrary to previous works, we consider frequency division duplexing (FDD) to study the performance of an IRS-assisted mMIMO system. However, FDD is not suitable for large number of antennas architectures. For this reason we employ the joint spatial division and multiplexing (JSDM) approach exploiting the structure of the correlation of the channel vectors to reduce the channel state information (CSI) uplink feedback, and thus, allowing the use even of a large number of antennas at the base station. JSDM entails dual-structured precoding and clustering the user equipments (UEs) with the same covariance matrix into groups. Specifically, we derive the sum spectral efficiency (SE) based on statistical CSI in terms of large-scale statistics by using the deterministic equivalent (DE) analysis while accounting for correlated Rayleigh fading. Subsequently, we formulate the optimization problem concerning the sum SE with respect to the reflecting beamforming matrix (RBM) and the total transmit power, which can be performed at every several coherence intervals by taking advantage of the slowtime variation of the large-scale statistics. This notable property contributes further to the decrease of the feedback overhead. Numerical results, verified by Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations, enable interesting observations by elucidating how fundamental system parameters such as the rank of the covariance matrix and the number of groups of UEs affect the performance. For example, the selection of a high rank improves the channel conditioning but increases the feedback overhead.

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Section: A Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Joint Spatial Division and Multiplexing for FDD in Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Massive MIMO Systems

Papazafeiropoulos

Kourtessis

Ntontin

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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“…Recently, not only stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) have been proposed where multiple surfaces are cascaded [27], [28], but SIMs were integrated with the transceiver to implement HMIMO communications in [29]. It was shown that a SIM can implement signal processing in the electromagnetic (EM) wave regime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the assessment of realistic hybrid precoding in millimeter wave MIMO systems with hardware impairments

et al. 2021

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Hybrid processing in millimeter wave (mmWave) communication has been proposed as a solution to reduce the cost and energy consumption by reducing the number of radiofrequency (RF) chains. However, the impact of the inevitable residual transceiver hardware impairments (RTHIs), including the residual additive transceiver hardware impairments (RATHIs) and the amplified thermal noise (ATN), has not been sufficiently studied in mmWave hybrid processing. In this work, the hybrid precoder and combiner are designed, which include both digital and analog processing by taking into account the RATHIs and the ATN. In particular, a thorough study is provided to shed light on the degradation of the spectral efficiency (SE) of the practical system. The outcomes show the steady degradation of the performance by the ATN across all SNR values, which becomes increasingly critical for higher values of its variance. Furthermore, it is shown that RATHIs result in degradation of the system only in the high SNR regime. Hence, their impact in mmWave system operating at low SNRs might be negligible. Moreover, an increase concerning the number of streams differentiates the impact between the transmit and receive RATHIs with the latter having a more severe effect.

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Preface: Celebrating the 70th Anniversary of School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Huang

Yin

2022

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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The shifted fractional trapezoidal rule (SFTR) with a special shift is adopted to construct a finite difference scheme for the time-fractional Allen-Cahn (tFAC) equation. Some essential key properties of the weights of SFTR are explored for the first time. Based on these properties, we rigorously demonstrate the discrete energy decay property and maximum-principle preservation for the scheme. Numerical investigations show that the scheme can resolve the intrinsic initial singularity of such nonlinear fractional equations as tFAC equation on uniform meshes without any correction. Comparison with the classic fractional BDF2 and L2-1 σ method further validates the superiority of SFTR in solving the tFAC equation. Experiments concerning both discrete energy decay and discrete maximum-principle also verify the correctness of the theoretical results.

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Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces for Multiuser Beamforming in the Wave Domain

Cited by 24 publications

References 43 publications

Joint Spatial Division and Multiplexing for FDD in Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Massive MIMO Systems

Joint Spatial Division and Multiplexing for FDD in Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Massive MIMO Systems

Towards the assessment of realistic hybrid precoding in millimeter wave MIMO systems with hardware impairments

Preface: Celebrating the 70th Anniversary of School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

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