Staff Development: Theory and Practice

Change and Innovation in Schools

“…It may take the form of deliberately increasing or decreasing membership, its qualifications, skills, and terms of employment or of working for new attitudes, the reduction of stress, and a whole new organizational climate (Lambert, 1981). Innovation may typically be introduced into technology, ranging from institution-wide procedures and processes, pupil or student grouping, curriculum content and structure, to teaching methods and techniques.…”

Participation in School Organisation

“…The high-low variable relates to the job enlargement principle, particularly applicable to Zones 1 to 4. The extension of participation from Zone 4 to Zone 7 relates to the principle of job enrichment (Lambert, 1981). Participation is commonly assumed to correlate positively with job satisfaction -especially when expressed as job enrichment -but the very complexity of the identity of participation as indicated by the foregoing analysis makes such assumptions dubious.…”