Stage Acquisition and Stage Use

Levine, Charles

doi:10.1159/000272437

Cited by 37 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Specifcally, these models suggest that self-esteem and world-view systems are scafolded from the developmentally and phylogenetically older attachment security system. Scafolding refers to the process whereby developmentally later arising behaviors coopt a foundation established by earlier innate or learned behavior (e.g., [29][30][31][32]. Tus, various aspects of one goal (e.g., relevant means, afective reactions, completion criteria) transfer to the second, younger, goal.…”

Section: Sequential Activation Of Anxiety To Approach Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulation of Personal Security

Carroll

Wichman

Agler

et al. 2023

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology

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Although most motivational psychologists recognize that security is important for healthy development and functioning (e.g., attachment theory), we add to prior work by proposing that the ongoing regulation of security under potential threat involves three unique features. Specifically, security regulation involves an initial preconscious system of threat processing (neuroception) and an internally (vs. externally) generated stop signal of goal completion (yedasentience) as well as the sequential activation of avoidance and approach systems (anxiety-to-approach). Throughout, we consider how the integration of these insights across social and biological sciences accounts for both adaptive and maladaptive patterns of security regulation (e.g., obsessive-compulsive disorder, reactive attachment disorder, contingent self-esteem).

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Section: Sequential Activation Of Anxiety To Approach Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Regulation of Personal Security

Carroll

Wichman

Agler

et al. 2023

Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology

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Situational variation in moral judgment: In a stage or on a stage?

Carpendale

Krebs

1992

J Youth Adolescence

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Two issues were examined in this study-the consistency of moral judgment across different types of dilemma and different social contexts, and the relationship between the structure (stage) of moral judgment and the content of moral decisions. Forty subjects were given two hypothetical dilemmas about business decisions and two standard Kohlberg dilemmas. Half the subjects directed their responses to a business audience, half to a philosophical audience. Responses to the moral dilemmas were scored in accordance with the Colby and Kohlberg (1987) scoring manual. Stage of moral reasoning was found to be significantly higher on the Kohlberg dilemmas than on the business dilemmas. A significant interaction between type of dilemma and audience was attributed to the tendency of subjects directing their responses to a business audience to interpret one of the business dilemmas in terms of the moral order of business, but for subjects directing their responses to a philosophy audience to treat it as a philosophical dilemma. The other business dilemma evoked uniformly low-level moral judgments. The amount of selfishness intrinsic in subjects' moral choices on the business dilemmas was significantly negatively correlated with moral maturity on the business dilemmas, but not with their moral maturity on Kohlberg's test. These results are interpreted as more consistent with models of moral development such as those advanced by C. G. Levine ([1979] "Stage Acquisition and Stage Use: An Appraisal of Stage Displacement Explanations of Variation in Moral Reasoning, " Human Development, Vol. 22, pp. 145-164), J. Rest ([1983] "Morality," in: P. H. Mussen [ed.], J. H. Flavell and E. Markman [Vol. eds.], Handbook of Child Psychology [Vol. 3, 4th ed.], John Wiley & Sons, New York), and R. Harré ([1984]) Personal Being: A Theory for Individual Psychology, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts), which posit a relatively wide range of within-person stage use and emphasize the determining power of social situations, than with the more constructivistic model of moral development of Colby and Kohlberg (1987).

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Moral judgment and self-reported moral events in adulthood

Armon

1995

J Adult Dev

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Stage Acquisition and Stage Use

Cited by 37 publications

References 26 publications

The Regulation of Personal Security

The Regulation of Personal Security

Situational variation in moral judgment: In a stage or on a stage?

Moral judgment and self-reported moral events in adulthood

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