Stage-specific expression of the chitin synthase DmeChSA and DmeChSB genes during the onset of Drosophila metamorphosis

Gagou, Mary Elizabeth; Kapsetaki, M.; Turberg, Andreas; Kafetzopoulos, Dimitris

doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(01)00101-1

Cited by 113 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Meanwhile, progress has been made in investigating insect chitin synthases due to the availability of an increasing number of gene and cDNA sequences deposited in sequence databases or published within the past three years, although final proof that the deduced proteins synthesize chitin is pending (Ibrahim et al, 2000;Tellam et al, 2000;Gagou et al, 2002;Zhu et al, 2002).…”

Section: Insect Chitin Synthasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitin metabolism in insects: structure, function and regulation of chitin synthases and chitinases

Merzendorfer

Zimoch

2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

1,048

845

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SUMMARY Chitin is one of the most important biopolymers in nature. It is mainly produced by fungi, arthropods and nematodes. In insects, it functions as scaffold material, supporting the cuticles of the epidermis and trachea as well as the peritrophic matrices lining the gut epithelium. Insect growth and morphogenesis are strictly dependent on the capability to remodel chitin-containing structures. For this purpose, insects repeatedly produce chitin synthases and chitinolytic enzymes in different tissues. Coordination of chitin synthesis and its degradation requires strict control of the participating enzymes during development. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in understanding chitin synthesis and its degradation in insects.

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Section: Insect Chitin Synthasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitin metabolism in insects: structure, function and regulation of chitin synthases and chitinases

Merzendorfer

Zimoch

2003

Journal of Experimental Biology

1,048

845

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“…For example, there are ∼150 cuticle protein genes annotated in the Drosophila genome and more than 200 in some other insects (Cornman, 2010;Willis, 2010). In contrast, there are only two chitin synthases encoded by insect genomes and only one of these functions in the synthesis of cuticle (Arakane et al, 2005;dos Santos et al, 2015;Gagou et al, 2002;Moussian et al, 2005). Hence, there are advantages to studying chitin and chitin synthase as a starting point for trying to understand the genetic basis for the differences between cuticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ChtVis-Tomato, a genetic reporter for in vivo visualization of chitin deposition in Drosophila

2015

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Chitin is a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine that is abundant and widely found in the biological world. It is an important constituent of the cuticular exoskeleton that plays a key role in the insect life cycle. To date, the study of chitin deposition during cuticle formation has been limited by the lack of a method to detect it in living organisms. To overcome this limitation, we have developed ChtVis-Tomato, an in vivo reporter for chitin in Drosophila. ChtVis-Tomato encodes a fusion protein that contains an apical secretion signal, a chitin-binding domain (CBD), a fluorescent protein and a cleavage site to release it from the plasma membrane. The chitin reporter allowed us to study chitin deposition in time lapse experiments and by using it we have identified unexpected deposits of chitin fibers in Drosophila pupae. ChtVis-Tomato should facilitate future studies on chitin in Drosophila and other insects.

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“…10) The key reaction in chitin biosynthesis is the incorporation of the GlcNAc moiety of UDP-GlcNAc into chitin polymers, and this step is catalyzed by chitin synthase (CHS). 10,11) To date, two CHS genes have been identified in the genome of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, 12) the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, 13) and the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. 14) In T. castaneum, for example, CHSA (also called CHS1) is responsible for synthesizing epidermal cuticle, whereas CHSB (CHS2) is responsible for synthesis of the midgut peritrophic matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzoylurea resistance in western flower thrips <i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i> (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): the presence of a point mutation in <i>chitin synthase 1</i>

Suzuki

Shiotsuki

Jouraku

et al. 2017

Journal of Pesticide Science

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We examined the susceptibility of field strains (BO-1, BO-2, TO-1, and YH-1) and one laboratory strain (H-1) of the western flower thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis, to benzoylureas. LC 50 values of novaluron were determined as 0.64 ppm against laboratory strain and 2.1-130 ppm against field strains. In the presence of piperonyl butoxide, a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, the insecticidal activity of novaluron tended to be enhanced. To examine whether point mutations in chitin synthase 1 (CHS1) discovered in an etoxazole-resistant strain of Tetranychus urticae and a benzoylurea-resistant strain of Plutella xylostella exist in F. occidentalis, the nucleotide sequence of CHS1 was analyzed. We found a nonsynonymous substitution that corresponded to the location of the mutations found in T. urticae and P. xylostella in the field strains of F. occidentalis but not in the laboratory strain, indicating that this point mutation might be associated with the benzoylurea resistance exhibited by the field strains.

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Stage-specific expression of the chitin synthase DmeChSA and DmeChSB genes during the onset of Drosophila metamorphosis

Cited by 113 publications

References 28 publications

Chitin metabolism in insects: structure, function and regulation of chitin synthases and chitinases

Chitin metabolism in insects: structure, function and regulation of chitin synthases and chitinases

ChtVis-Tomato, a genetic reporter for in vivo visualization of chitin deposition in Drosophila

Benzoylurea resistance in western flower thrips <i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i> (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): the presence of a point mutation in <i>chitin synthase 1</i>

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