Staging uveal melanoma with whole-body positron-emission tomography/computed tomography and abdominal ultrasound: Low incidence of metastatic disease, high incidence of second primary cancers

Abstract

PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to report the results of staging primary uveal melanoma with whole-body (18) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and abdominal ultrasound.MATERIALS AND METHODS:From January 2012, patients with uveal melanoma over 4 mm in thickness were staged with FDG PET/CT and abdominal ultrasound.RESULTS:Over 2 years, 108 patients with medium-to-large melanoma underwent dual imaging. According to the tumor, node, and metastasis classification, there were 75% T3, 11% T2, and 14% T1 uveal melanomas. Only, three of 108 patients (2.8%) were found to have metastatic uveal melanoma. All three had liver metastases confirmed following biopsy; one of three had additional extrahepatic widespread metastases. In these three patients, liver findings using both imaging techniques were consistent in one patient. In the second case, abdominal ultrasound missed the diagnosis of metastatic disease; however, FDG PET/CT revealed intense metabolic activity of the liver. In the third case, PET/CT missed the liver metastases; however, this was identified on abdominal ultrasound. PET/CT identified incidental second primary malignancies in 10 patients (9%). Second malignancies were found in the lung, breast, colon, thyroid, and adrenal gland. Abdominal ultrasound detected benign hepatic abnormalities in 20 patients (18%).CONCLUSIONS:Whole-body PET/CT and abdominal ultrasound complement each other in the staging of uveal melanoma. Benign hepatic abnormalities found using ultrasound is common. Of importance, a second asymptomatic primary malignancy associated with uveal melanoma was detected almost one in 10 patients.

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“…Pri zobrazovaní primárnych nádorov a metastatických ložísk v oblasti mozgu býva problémom vysoká metabolická aktivita mozgového tkaniva. Podľa údajov však možno zhodnotiť, že toto vyšetrenie predpovedá odpoveď tumoru na terapiu a že bude dochádzať k rozširovaniu klinických indikácií jeho využitia [1,8,10].…”

“…V štúdii Cohen a spol. [10] sa potvrdilo, že celotelové PET/CT a ultrazvuk pečene sa vzájomne dopĺňajú pri stanovení stagingu uveálneho melanómu. Niektoré ložiská v pečeni zistené ultrazvukom sa môžu hodnotiť ako prípadné metastázy, a pritom môže ísť o benígne lézie.…”

Optimization of the Convolutional Neural Networks for Automatic Detection of Skin Cancer

“…Melanoma is more prevalent in some areas, especially in western regions and countries. According to the findings, the diagnosi s of melanoma in the initial stages can significantly reduce the mortality due to this cancer; but since the diagnosis of this disease at an early stage, even by specialists, is difficult, it will be very helpful to provide a method to early diagnosis of the melanoma or skin cancer [9][10][11][12].…”

“…In recent years, with the advancement of technology, particularly artificial inte lligence, suitable methods have been developed for this issue. In the meantime, image processing techniques are pr ogressing as successful methods [9,[13][14][15][16]. The application of image processing and computer vision for automatically identifying the patterns like cancer from images reduces human errors and increases the speed of detection.…”

Ocular oncology: Saving sight, saving lives

“…[ 2 ] Other interesting topics in this issue include orbital metastasis, staging of uveal melanoma, retinoblastoma treatment, eyelid carcinoma, and intraocular surgery for melanoma. [ 3 4 5 6 7 ]…”