Stagnant recrystallization in warm-rolled tungsten in the temperature range from 1150 °C to 1300 °C

Abstract

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Microstructural evolution in single tungsten fiber-reinforced tungsten composites during annealing: recrystallization and abnormal grain growth

“…Several pure tungsten plates warm-or cold-rolled to different rolling reductions have been studied in terms of their thermal stability (see e.g. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]). Moderately rolled tungsten plates (see [15][16][17][18][19]) are sufficiently thermally stable to withstand microstructural changes at the expected temperatures of 800 °C for the first wall, but will not be able to endure the higher expected divertor temperatures of 1100 °C and above for the required two years.…”

Conceptual design of solid-type Pb x Li y eutectic alloy breeding blanket for CFETR

“…The blanket consists of three kinds of materials, and the maximum temperature of materials should not exceed their respective upper limits. For tungsten, it is limited to 1300 • C to avoid recrystallization [32]. For RAFM steel, it is 550 • C due to the significantly weakening mechanical strength [33].…”

Thermal stability of the microstructure in rolled tungsten for fusion reactors

“…(1) comparably thick tungsten plates from AT&M, Beijing, after warm rolling to a thickness reduction of 67 % (W67) [13], 80 % (W80) [14], and 90 % (W90) [15] and (2) thin tungsten plates from Plansee SE, Reutte, with final thicknesses of 2 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm and 0.2 mm [17,18]. The two former (TP2 and TP1) are solely warm-rolled (at an elevated temperature below the nominal recrystallization temperature), whereas additional cold rolling is applied for the thinnest two (TP0.5 and TP0.2).…”

“…Despite the law of recrystallization that "increasing the annealing time decreases the temperature for recrystallization" [12], the misleading interpretation is commonly adapted, that recrystallization does not occur below a certain temperature -in conflict with experimental evidence of the contrary, e.g. [13][14][15]. A threshold temperature below which recrystallization may not occur does not exist and "the stubborn idea that a metal has a fixed recrystallization temperature in the sense that it has a melting point" [16] must be abandoned.…”