Stain, plaque and gingivitis reduction by combining chlorhexidine and peroxyborate

Gründemann, L.J.M.M.; Timmerman, M.F.; IJzerman, Y.; Velden, U. van der; Weijden, G.A. van der

doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027001009.x

Cited by 95 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The present study results also demonstrated that Group 3 (involving the individual use of mouthwash) was also found to be effective in reducing the mean plaque scores from baseline to each time interval. This finding is in agreement with the previous studies by Grundemann et al [23], Francetti et al [24] and Waghmere et al [25]. This may be due to the property of substantivity and anti-plaque property of Chlorhexidine which suggest that individual use of Chemical oral hygiene aids i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of Different Oral Hygiene Aids for the Reduction of Morning Bad Breath Among Dental Students: A Crossover Clinical Trial

Godha

Dasar

Nagarajappa

et al. 2016

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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Background and aimsTo assess and compare the effects of different oral hygiene procedures on the reduction of morning bad breath, plaque and gingival status in healthy subjects.MethodsA four step cross-over trial was performed on 32 study subjects. They were allocated into four groups: Group I: tooth brushing; Group II: tooth brushing and tongue scraping; Group III: tooth brushing and mouth washing; and Group IV: tooth brushing, tongue scraping and use of mouthwash. A washout interval of 7 days was employed. At the beginning and at the end of all intervention periods, breath score was measured by hand held sulfide monitor (Breath Alert) at four time intervals. The Plaque and Gingival status was evaluated using Plaque and Gingival Index.ResultsThe highest reduction in mean breath score (2.12±0.65), plaque score (0.75±0.47) and gingival score (0.67±0.41) were found in the Group IV followed by Group II and Group III. A significant positive correlation was observed between plaque scores and gingival scores before intervention (r=0.443; p value<0.001) and after intervention (r=0.846; p value<0.001).ConclusionThe study findings suggest that mechanical aids in conjunction with chemical regimens are considered as the most effective method for reducing the morning bad breath in healthy subjects and should be incorporated in daily oral hygiene practices.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of Different Oral Hygiene Aids for the Reduction of Morning Bad Breath Among Dental Students: A Crossover Clinical Trial

Godha

Dasar

Nagarajappa

et al. 2016

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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“…Clinical trials utilizing experimental gingivitis models have been frequently used as a short-term model to evaluate the antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of mouthrinses containing antimicrobial agents. These trials have tested a fixed combination of essential oils, 8,9 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, 25,26 cetylpyridinium chloride, 27 0.1% hexetidine, 28 and other noncommercial antimicrobial agents. 29 Therefore, there is enough evidence to support that experimental gingivitis study designs, like long-term models, have been accepted as a valid model to determine and compare efficacy of antiseptic mouthrinses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of three antiseptic mouthrinses: a two week randomized clinical trial

Amini¹,

Araujo

et al. 2009

Braz. oral res.

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The objective of this randomized, examiner blind, parallel group, controlled clinical trial was to compare the antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of an essential oil-containing mouthrinse (EO) to two mouthrinses containing 0.05% Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC), one with alcohol and one alcohol-free, using a two-week experimental gingivitis validated-model with a 5% hydroalcohol rinse serving as the negative control. One hundred and fifty-nine subjects, 56 males and 103 females; ranging in age from 18 to 58 years in good general health were assigned to one of the four treatment groups: EO (n = 40), 0.05% CPC with alcohol (CPC a , n = 39), 0.05% CPC alcohol-free (CPC na , n = 40), and 5% hydroalcohol negative control (n = 40). The Mean Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (PI) and the Mean Modified Gingival Index (MGI) were the primary efficacy endpoints and were evaluated at baseline and at two weeks. Following baseline examinations, subjects received a complete dental prophylaxis and began supervised rinsing with their assigned mouthrinse twice daily for two weeks, as their sole oral hygiene measure; 151 subjects completed the trial. Two weeks after baseline the EO adjusted mean PI and MGI scores were significantly lower than those of both CPC rinses and negative control (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the EO mouthrinse demonstrated significantly greater antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy than both CPC-containing mouthrinses and the negative control.

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“…This characteristic is the basis for their use as bleaching agents in detergents, cleaning products and cosmetic preparations, as well as a preservative in eye drops (Safety, 2010). In clinical dentistry, boron-derived compounds are used as a bleaching agent for teeth and as an adjunct to CHX to counteract extrinsic staining of the tongue and tooth surfaces (Dona et al, 1998; Grundemann et al, 2000; van Maanen-Schakel et al, 2012; Feiz et al, 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an oxygenating agent on oral bacteria in vitro and on dental plaque composition in healthy young adults

Mostajo

Reijden

Buijs

et al. 2014

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Oral bacteria live in symbiosis with the host. Therefore, when mouthwashes are indicated, selective inhibition of taxa contributing to disease is preferred instead of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. The potential selectivity of an oxygenating mouthwash, Ardox-X® (AX), has not been assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial potential of AX and the effects of a twice-daily oral rinse on dental plaque composition.Material and methods: In vitro, 16 oral bacterial strains were tested using agar diffusion susceptibility, minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration tests. A pilot clinical study was performed with 25 healthy volunteers. Clinical assessments and microbiological sampling of supragingival plaque were performed at 1 month before the experiment (Pre-exp), at the start of the experiment (Baseline) and after the one-week experimental period (Post-exp). During the experiment individuals used AX mouthwash twice daily in absence of other oral hygiene measures. The microbiological composition of plaque was assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.Results: AX showed high inter-species variation in microbial growth inhibition. The tested Prevotella strains and Fusobacterium nucleatum showed the highest sensitivity, while streptococci and Lactobacillus acidophilus were most resistant to AX. Plaque scores at Pre-exp and Baseline visits did not differ significantly (p = 0.193), nor did the microbial composition of plaque. During a period of 7-days non-brushing but twice daily rinsing plaque scores increased from 2.21 (0.31) at Baseline to 2.43 (0.39) Post-exp. A significant microbial shift in composition was observed: genus Streptococcus and Veillonella increased while Corynebacterium, Haemophilus, Leptotrichia, Cardiobacterium and Capnocytophaga decreased (p ≤ 0.001).Conclusion: AX has the potential for selective inhibition of oral bacteria. The shift in oral microbiome after 1 week of rinsing deserves further research.

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Stain, plaque and gingivitis reduction by combining chlorhexidine and peroxyborate

Cited by 95 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of Different Oral Hygiene Aids for the Reduction of Morning Bad Breath Among Dental Students: A Crossover Clinical Trial

Impact of Different Oral Hygiene Aids for the Reduction of Morning Bad Breath Among Dental Students: A Crossover Clinical Trial

Comparative antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of three antiseptic mouthrinses: a two week randomized clinical trial

Effect of an oxygenating agent on oral bacteria in vitro and on dental plaque composition in healthy young adults

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